论先秦儒家的归隐情结与道家的社会担当感  

A Research into Hermitage of Confucian and Social Responsibility of Taoist in The Pre-Qin

作　　者：刘泰廷 

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,江苏南京210023

出　　处：《南华大学学报（社会科学版）》2017年第3期100-104,共5页Journal of University of South China(Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：先秦儒者的"内圣外王"之道成为后世读书人"心向往之"的人格理想,"学而优则仕"也为士人们指明一条"治国平天下"的济世之路。与之相反,道家学派似乎对外在权势有着天然的排斥,无论是老子出关后的"莫知其所终"还是庄子"往矣,吾将曳尾于途中"的自在逍遥似乎都暗示了隐者的考?之乐,也为中国历史造就了一个崇尚老庄,遁迹山林的隐士集体。然而在先秦,儒家的出仕与道家的归隐并不具有绝对性,只是在后代的继承发展中,这种思想被固化与放大。事实上,先秦儒者也有归隐情结,而于道家经典中亦可见其社会担当感。“Sagely within and kingly without”,which was developed by Confucian in the pre-Qin,had become intellectual＇s idealpersonality.The Contucian slogan that is“a good scholar can become an official” called on scholars to rule the countr^^ and give peace to the world.In contrast,Taoist seemed to reject government power.The life of Lao Tzu and Zhuangzi shows the meanings of hermitage and makes special Chinese eremitic tradition.However,the aim of filling an office of Confucian and the ideal of hermitage in the cliffs and caves of Taoist are not absolute in the pre-Qin,but they became the fixed stereotype in the history.In fact,Confucian also had dream of Hermitage,and Taoist had a sense of social responsibility as well.

关 键 词：儒家 道家 归隐 社会担当 

分 类 号：I209[文学—中国文学]