南北五味子化学成分、药理作用等方面差异的研究进展  

Review on Differences in Pharmacological,Constituents and Other Aspects Between Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus

作　　者：刘宇灵[1] 付赛[1] 樊丽姣 胡惠君[1,2] 林龙飞[1] 李慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国中医科学院中药研究所,北京100700 [2]江西中医药大学,南昌330004

出　　处：《中国实验方剂学杂志》2017年第12期228-234,共7页Chinese Journal of Experimental Traditional Medical Formulae

基　　金：国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-C-GZ-10);中国中医科学院博士研究生创新人才培养基金项目(CX201606)

摘　　要：五味子为木兰科植物五味子Schisandra chinesis或华中五味子S.sphenanthera的干燥成熟果实,前者称为"北五味子",后者称为"南五味子"。五味子始载于《神农本草经》,作为中药使用已有一千多年历史,且应用于多种成方制剂。早在明代南北五味子的疗效差异已被众多医家认识,自2000年版《中国药典》开始,对五味子和南五味子分别收载,并建立了各自的质量控制标准,直至2015年版《中国药典》对其不断完善,南、北五味子形态、产地不同,成分各有差异,功能主治各有侧重,但目前临床使用存在南北五味子混用之现象。所以为了区分南北五味子,更加合理、安全、有效地将五味子应用于现代临床的治疗,该文对近年来关于南北五味子的研究进行搜集、检索、归纳、总结,从品种鉴别,化学成分(其中北五味子挥发油成分、总木脂素的含量、多糖疗效均大于南五味子),药理作用(以五味子对中枢神经系统、消化系统、心血管系统的影响为主)等方面的差异进行综述,以期为南、北五味子的研究开发以及临床应用提供参考,使南北五味子不但从形式上而且从根本上真正分开,使临床用药更加安全、准确。Schisandrae is the dry fruit from Schisandra chinesis or S. sphenanthera . The former is called as Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, and the latter is often called as Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus. Schisandrae was first contained in the Shennong Bencao Jing, with a history of over one thousand years as a traditional Chinese medicine in various prescriptions. The efficacy differences between Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus have been recognized by many physicians since Ming dynasty. From the 2000 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus have been introduced sepsrately, and their respective quality control standards have been established until continuous improvement in the 2015 edition of Chinese Pharmacopoeia. The form and origin of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus were different, with different compositions and functions, but there was a serious phenomenon of mixing use of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus in clinical application. In order to distinguish Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus, and more reasonably, safely and effectively apply Schisandrae in modern clinical treatment, the recent studies on Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae Frnctus were collected, retrieved, concluded and summarized in this paper, and the differences in variety identification, chemical components （components of volatile oil, total lignans content and polysaccharide efficacy of Schisandrae Sphenantherae Fructus were better than those in Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus）, and pharmacological action （mainly including the effects of Schisandrae on central nervous system, digestive system, and cardiovascular system） were reviewed, hoping to provide a reference for the research, development and clinical application of Schisandrae, fundamentally distinguish Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and Schisandrae Sphenantherae

关 键 词：南五味子 北五味子 品种鉴别 化学成分 药理作用 

分 类 号：R284.1[医药卫生—中药学]