海南省芒果可可球二孢对多菌灵的敏感性及菌株适合度研究  

Sensitivities of carbendazim-resistance and fitness of Botryodiplodia theobromae strains from mango in Hainan

作　　者：赵磊[1] 杨叶[1] 王萌[1] 贺瑞[1] 陈绵才[2] 

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带农林学院,海口570228 [2]海南省农业科学院植物保护研究所海南省植物病虫害防控重点实验室,海口571100

出　　处：《农药学学报》2017年第3期298-306,共9页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31560521);海南省属科研院所技术开发研究专项(KYYS-2015-01)

摘　　要：针对中国海南地区芒果蒂腐病致病菌可可球二孢对多菌灵的抗性水平及菌株的适合度进行了研究。采用区分剂量法,测定了2016年从海南省芒果园采集、分离的90株可可球二孢对多菌灵的敏感性,并对抗性及敏感菌株在菌丝生长、致病力、渗透压及相对渗率等方面进行了比较。结果表明:海南地区芒果可可球二孢对多菌灵的抗性频率为65.56%,且以高抗菌株为主(8个中抗菌株,51个高抗菌株);该病菌对芒果危害甚大,其中具强致病力的菌株达65株,占72.22%。高抗菌株的菌丝生长优于敏感菌株,存在极显著差异(P<0.01);抗性菌株的致病力与敏感菌株无显著差异;敏感菌株的相对渗率高于抗性菌株,表明敏感菌株细胞膜的透性较高,胞内电解质渗出较多。研究表明,海南地区芒果可可球二孢对多菌灵的抗性水平较高,且抗性菌株适合度高于敏感菌株,易形成优势群体。Strains ofBotryodiplodia theobromae collected from mango in Hainan of China were used to characterize their resistance to carbendazim and fitness. The resistance of 90 B. theobromae strains to carbendazim was detected using distinguishing dosage method. Fitness of resistant strains was compared with sensitive strains from the aspects of mycelial growth rate, pathogenicity, osmotic pressure and electroosmosis rate. The results showed that the resistance frequency of strains to carbendazim was 65.56% and the major resistant type is of high resistance （8 medium resistant strains and 51 high resistant strains）. The B. theobromae strains have high hazard to mango. And there were 65 highly virulent strains accounted for 72.22% of the whole population. The mycelial growth rates of the resistant strains and the sensitive strains were significantly different at the 0.01 level between. However, there were not significant differences in the pathogenicity. The relative conductivity of sensitive strains mycelia was higher than that of the resistant strains. It indicated that the cell membrane permeability of the sensitive strains was higher, which led to the leakage of a large number of cell electrolyte .This study showed that strain orB. theobromae has high resistance to earbendazim, the fitness of resistance strains is better than that of sensitive strains.

关 键 词：芒果蒂腐病 可可球二孢 多菌灵 抗药性 适合度 

分 类 号：S481.4[农业科学—农药学] S482.2[农业科学—植物保护]