四霉素对番茄叶霉病菌的毒力效应及田间防治效果  

Toxicity and control efficacy of tetramycin against Passalora fulva

作　　者：陈乐乐[1] 郭贝贝[1] 李北兴[1] 慕卫[1] 刘峰[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学植物保护学院/山东省蔬菜病虫生物学重点实验室/山东省高校农药毒理与应用技术重点实验室,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《农药学学报》2017年第3期324-330,共7页Chinese Journal of Pesticide Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFD0200500)

摘　　要：为评价四霉素对番茄叶霉病的防治效果,采用菌丝生长速率法和孢子萌发法分别测定了四霉素对9株不同地区来源的叶霉病菌(Passalora fulva)菌丝生长、孢子萌发以及芽管伸长的毒力,并进行了田间药效试验。结果表明:四霉素对番茄叶霉病菌具有较高的抑制活性,其中抑制孢子萌发、芽管伸长的活性较高,其EC_50值分别为0.002 30~0.012 7μg/mL、0.00050~0.013μg/mL;对菌丝生长抑制活性略低,其EC_50值为0.601 6~1.394μg/mL。显微观察发现:经四霉素处理后,番茄叶霉病菌新生菌丝生长受阻、部分菌丝末端分支增多、变粗;分生孢子萌发受抑制,芽管膨大变粗、生长受阻。田间试验结果表明:经四霉素有效成分6.75和20.25 g/hm^2处理后,对番茄叶霉病的保护防效分别为74.40%和83.09%,治疗防效分别为67.92%和76.68%,均显著高于对照药剂甲基硫菌灵(有效成分540 g/hm^2)的处理防效。The objective of this study is to evaluate control efficacy of tetramycin against tomato leaf mold caused by Passalorafulva （Cooke） U. Braun ＆ Crous. Toxicities of the tetramycin on mycelium growth, conidial germination and germ tube growth of 9 strains P. fulva were determined, and the control efficacy was evaluated under field conditions. The toxicity test showed that the conidial germination and the germ tube growth of tested trains are more sensitive to the tetramycin, and EC50 values are 0.002 30-0.012 7 μg/mL, 0.000 50-0.013 μg/mL, respectively. However, the sensitivity of the mycelium growth is humble, and the EC50 values are 0.601 6-1.394 μg/mL. The observation results obtained by optical microscope demonstrated that tetramycin treatment results in abnormal phenomena of P. fulva development, including inhibited growth of young hyphae, conidial germination, increased secondary branches and bulky end of hyphae. Field trials showed that protective efficacies of the tetramycin at 6.75 and 20.25 g a.i./hm2 are 74.40% and 83.09%, whereas of the corresponding curative efficacies are 67.92% and 76.68%, respectively, which are significantly more effective than that of thiophanate-methyl 540 g a.i./hm2 treatment.

关 键 词：四霉素 番茄叶霉病菌 毒力 作用方式 防治效果 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]