表面纳米化对304不锈钢渗碳层组织和性能的影响  

Effects of Surface Nano-crystallization on Microstructure and Properties of 304 Stainless Steel Carburized Layer

作　　者：王少杰[1] 韩靖[1] 韩月娇 张雪梅[3] 赵君文[1] 戴光泽[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,成都610031 [2]中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司,山东青岛266111 [3]中车长春轨道客车股份有限公司,长春130062

出　　处：《中国表面工程》2017年第3期25-30,共6页China Surface Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2016YFB1200505-006)~~

摘　　要：利用表面机械研磨(SMAT)对304不锈钢进行表面自纳米化处理,并对其纳米化表面进行渗碳处理。利用光学显微镜、X-射线衍射仪、磨料磨损试验机和显微硬度仪对处理后的不锈钢表面组织和性能进行研究。结果表明:经SMAT处理并渗碳后,渗碳层晶粒细化,组织发生奥氏体向马氏体转变,显著提高了材料的力学性能;表面机械研磨处理后的材料的渗碳层厚度明显高于直接渗碳的粗晶材料的渗碳层厚度,渗碳层组织中主要碳化物为Cr7C3和Cr23C6,显微硬度也有明显提高;经过表面自纳米化和渗碳复合处理,材料的耐磨性得到较大提升。By means of surface mechanical attrition treatment （SMAT） and carburization, a nanostructured surface and carburized layer was formed on 304 stainless steel. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the surface layer were studied by optical microscope, X-ray diffraction, abrasive wear testing machine and microhardness tester. The results showed that the grains were refined and deformation-induced martensitic transformation was occured in the carburized layer of the SMAT sample, which significantly enhanced its mechanical properties. Compared with the coarse-grained sample, the carburized layer obviously thickened and was mainly composed of Cr7C3 and Cr23C6. The microhardness of surface layer after SMAT treatment and carburization were significantly enhanced. Wear resistance was also remarkably improved after the combination treatment of SMAT and carburization.

关 键 词：304不锈钢 渗碳处理 表面自纳米化 耐磨性 

分 类 号：TG178[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]