2004—2015年山东省淄博市自然疫源和虫媒传染病流行特征分析  

Epidemiological characteristics of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City Shandong Province between 2004 and 2015

作　　者：王玲[1] 王萍[1] 王涛[1] 张玲[1] 杨淑霞[1] 崔峰[1] 王志强[2] 翟文济[2] 王显军[2] 丁淑军[2] 

机构地区：[1]山东省淄博市疾病预防控制中心传染病防制所,淄博255026 [2]山东省疾病预防控制中心病毒病防制所,济南250014

出　　处：《中华地方病学杂志》2017年第6期428-433,共6页Chinese Journal of Endemiology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（81102171）;山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目（2011HZ061）

摘　　要：目的 分析淄博市2004 - 2015年自然疫源和虫媒传染病的发病趋势和流行特点，为开展防控工作提供依据。方法 收集 “传染病报告信息管理系统”中报告的发病日期在2004 - 2015年淄博市自然疫源及虫媒传染病信息，利用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果 2004 - 2015年淄博市共报告自然疫源及虫媒传染病10种、3 287例，报告死亡55例，年均报告发病率为6.24／10万，病死率为1.67%（55／3 287）。2009年报告发病率最低，为2.83／10万，之后发病率呈现上升趋势，2015年为8.83／10万。报告发病率居前3位的疾病为流行性出血热（3.44／10万）、布鲁菌病（1.48／10万）和恙虫病（0.53／10万）。报告发病率居前3位的区县为沂源县（13.22／10万）、淄川区（9.73／10万）和博山区（6.13／10万）。发病时间集中在3 - 5月和9、10月，占27.47%（903／3 287）和24.64%（810／3 287）；发病年龄主要集中在40 ～ 59岁，占48.13%（1 582／3 287）；职业以农民为主，占75.48%（2 481／3 287）。结论 淄博市自然疫源及虫媒传染病疫情有回升趋势，发病具有明显的季节性和人群特征，布鲁菌病、恙虫病处于持续上升期。应根据传染病的发病特点，采取针对性策略。Objective To analyze the incidence trends and epidemiological characteristics of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City between 2004 and 2015, and to provide evidence for control and prevention of the diseases. Method Surveillance data of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City between 2004 and 2015 from ＂the National Disease Reporting Information System＂ were analyzed via descriptive epidemiological methods. Results A total of 10 natural foci and vector borne infectious diseases and 3 287 cases including 55 death cases were reported in Zibo City from 2004 to 2015. The average annual incidence was 6.24/100 000 and the case fatality rate was 1.67% （55/3 287）. The incidence rate increased in recent years after the lowest rate in 2009 （2.83/100 000）, and the rate in 2015 was 8.83/100 000. The top three diseases with higher incidence were hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （3.44/100 000）, brucellosis （1.48/100 000） and tsutsugamushi fever （0.53/100 000）. The top three high-prevalence areas with higher incidence were Yiyuan County （13.22/100 000）, Zichuan District （9.73/100 000） and Boshan District （6.13/100 000）. The cases mainly occurred from March to May and September, October, which accounting for 27.47% （903/3 287） and 24.64% （810/3 287）, respectively of the total. The 40 - 59 year-old age group was the highest, accounting for 48.13% （1 582/3 287） of the total. And 75.48% （2 481/3 287） of reported cases were farmers. Conclusions The overall incidence of the natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Zibo City has a annual increasing trend in recent years, while the incidence of brucellosis and tsutsugamushi fever have continued to rise since 2004. These diseases have showed a significant seasonal distribution and population distribution. It is necessary to conduct targeted prevention and control strategies.

关 键 词：自然疫源性疾病 虫媒传染病 流行特征 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]