2014—2016年浙江省嘉善县人感染H7N9禽流感外环境监测分析  

Surveillance for avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in external environment in Jiashan county of Zhejiang from 2014 to 2016

作　　者：丁春喜[1] 黄健[1] 曹纳新[1] 陈云[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江省嘉善县疾病预防控制中心,嘉兴314100

出　　处：《江苏预防医学》2017年第3期248-249,253,共3页Jiangsu Journal of Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的评估各类外环境中H7N9病毒分布情况,为防控人感染H7N9禽流感提供科学依据。方法在嘉善县农贸市场、活禽批发市场、活禽养殖场、禽类散养点,采集笼具表面、宰杀案板表面、禽粪便、禽饮水、清洗污水等标本,采用反转录-聚合酶联链式反应(RT-PCR)进行H7N9病毒核酸检测。结果 2014—2016年共监测涉禽场所76个,H7N9禽流感病毒阳性率为38.16%,其中农贸市场、活禽批发市场分别为50.00%、100.00%,养殖场和散养点未检出;阳性场所波及各个乡镇;采集标本578份,标本阳性率为9.86%,笼具表面、宰杀案板表面、禽饮水、清洗污水、禽粪便标本阳性率分别11.76%、12.35%、13.54%、7.78%、2.80%。以1月(23.30%)和12月(24.56%)标本阳性率较高。阳性场所的106名密切接触者在医学观察期间无流感样症状。结论活禽交易市场外环境中广泛存在H7N9流感病毒,污染高峰时段在12月和次年1月,应加强源头管理和有效落实消毒清洗制度。Objective To evaluate the distribution of avian influenza A （H7N9） virus in external environment ;to provide scientific basis for prevention and control of human infection with avian influenza A （H7N9） virus. Methods The samples of cage surface, chopping board surface, poultry manure, poultry drinking water and washing sewage were collected from farmer＇s markets, live poultry wholesale markets, live poultry farms and poultry cage-free sites to detect H7N9 virus nucleic acids by RT-PCR. Results A total of 76 poultry related sites were monitored from 2014 to 2016, resulting H7N9 viruses positive rate of 38. 16%. Positive rates of farmer＇s markets, live poultry wholesale markets were 50.00% and 100.00%, respectively; while samples from live poultry farms, poultry cage-free sites were all negative. Every monitored county had at least one positive site. A total of 578 samples were collected, resulting positive rate of 9.86% ; the positive rates of samples from cage surface, chopping board surface, poultry drinking water, washing sewage and poultry manure were 11.76%, 12.35 %, 13.5a,% ,7.78% and 2.80%,respectively. The positive rate was high in Jan（23.30%） and Dec （24.56%）. No influenza-like symptoms were observed for all 106 close contacts in H7N9 positive sites. Conclusion Avian influenza A（H7N9） virus contamination was common in external environment, Dec to next Jan were contamination peak. Management of poultry source should be strengthened and the disinfection cleaning system should be carried out effectively.

关 键 词：禽流感 H7N9病毒 外环境 监测 

分 类 号：R511.7[医药卫生—内科学]