多因素处理对云南重楼及其多芽品系种子萌发的影响  

Effect of multiple factors on seeds germination of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and polygerm varieties

作　　者：张绍山[1] 刘璇[1] 王景富[1] 余孟杰[1] 黄钟杰[1] 刘圆[2] 张浩[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学药学院,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学民族医药研究院,四川成都610041 [3]四川大学华西药学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《中草药》2017年第10期2111-2115,共5页Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs

基　　金：四川省科技支撑计划(2016FZ0045);四川省重点技术创新项目计划(2014XM041);阿坝州应用技术研究与开发资金(2015)

摘　　要：目的探讨温度、内源激素、授粉方式等条件对云南重楼及其多芽品系种子萌发和出苗的影响进行研究,建立促进云南重楼种子萌发技术体系,为重楼种子育苗提供科学指导,缓解目前重楼优质种源严重不足、商品药材严重供不应求、市场价格高居不下的瓶颈问题。方法采用湿沙培养各条件下处理过的云南重楼种子,测定发芽率和平均发芽时间,并将催芽后的种子播种于大田,考察出苗率、平均出苗时间。结果经4～18℃变温湿沙培养处理的重楼种子获得了较高的发芽率和出苗率;赤霉素处理能促进云南重楼种子的萌发,缩短平均发芽时间,100、200 mg/L赤霉素处理效果较好;人工授粉的种子发芽率和出苗率显著高于自然授粉的种子(P<0.05);云南重楼及其多芽品系间发芽率和出苗率无明显差别。结论将除去外种皮的人工授粉的种子用100 mg/L赤霉素处理,经4～18℃变温湿沙培养至萌芽,萌芽种子播种于大田,可缩短云南重楼种子的出苗周期1年,获得高达80%以上的出苗率。Objective To explore the impacts of temperature, endogenous hormone, and pollination methods on the seeds germination and emergence of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis and polygerm varieties, and establish the technical system to promote the germination of P polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds and provide scientific guidance for the cultivation of Paris L., To ease the bottleneck problem of current serious shortage of high quality source of seeding material and commercial herbal products of Paris L., and highest market price. Methods Using wet sand cultured P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds under different conditions and determined the rate of germination and the mean germination time, the cultivated seeds were planted in the field to investigate the rate of seedling emergence and the average fime of emergence. Results The higher germination rate and emergence rate were obtained at the temperature of 4---18 ℃; Gibberellin （GA3） treatment could promote the seed germination, and reduce the mean germination time, especially in 100 and 200 mg/L; The germination rate and emergence rate of artificial pollination were significantly higher than natural pollination （P 〈 0.05）; There is no difference between P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and polygerm varieties seeds. Conclusion The peeled seeds are treated by 100 mg/L gibberellin, and cultured to sprout by wet sand at the temperature of 4--18℃, then sown in the field. It can shorten the seed emergence period one year and up to more than 80% of emergence rate.

关 键 词：云南重楼 多芽品系 温度 赤霉素 授粉方式 出苗率 

分 类 号：R282.21[医药卫生—中药学]