不同肥力水平下‘郑麦7698’对磷素的吸收、分配与运移  

Phosphorus Uptake,Distribution and Migration of 'Zhengmai 7698' Under Different Soil Fertilities

作　　者：张水清[1] 黄绍敏[1] 郭斗斗[1] 胡琳[2] 王更新 

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院植物营养与资源环境研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所,郑州450002 [3]西平县农业局,河南西平463900

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第13期6-11,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目"粮食主产区土壤肥力演变与培肥技术研究与示范"(201203030-5);2016年河南省农业科学院自主创新专项基金"国家潮土监测站土壤样品的保存;整理与数据挖掘(2016zzcx);2016年河南省科技攻关项目"典型潮土活性有机质增产技术研究与应用"(162102110010);国家重点研发计划"化学肥料减施增效调控途径"(2016YFD0200109)

摘　　要：为了给小麦新品种‘郑麦7698’优质高产的合理施肥技术提供指导,利用国家潮土肥力与肥料效益长期监测站20年形成的不同肥力水平小区,研究了‘郑麦7698’在中高肥力水平下对土壤磷素吸收、分配与运移。结果表明,在中等肥力和高肥力水平下,小麦地上部磷素积累总量差异显著,分别吸收43.3、49.4 kg/hm^2,每生产100 kg籽粒分别需要吸收磷素量分别为0.55 kg和0.63 kg。‘郑麦7698’有2个吸磷高峰,第1个吸收高峰在返青—拔节期,该时期吸磷量占总量的26.3%和27.4%,吸收强度分别是0.53、0.62 kg/(hm^2·d);第2个吸收高峰在灌浆期,40天内吸收量分别占总量的52.8%和49.5%,最高吸收强度在灌浆初期,分别为1.14、1.76 kg/(hm^2·d)。‘郑麦7698’叶片吸收磷素在拔节期达到最大值,其中85.0%在收获期转移到其他器官;茎秆在抽穗期达到最大值,其中74.7%在收获期转移到其他器官。籽粒在蜡熟期达到最大吸磷量,中等肥力下吸收38.3 kg/hm^2,其中94.2%(26.48 kg/hm^2)磷素是从叶片、茎秆和叶鞘中转入。成熟期总磷素累积量的74.3%储存在籽粒里,其余25.7%在茎叶和颖壳中。To provide guidance for rational fertilization on the new wheat variety （Triticum aestivum L.） ＇Zhengmai 7698＇ achieving high yield and quality, a trial was conducted in different fertility plots formed twenty years in National Tide Soil Fertility and Fertilizer Efficiency Long Term Monitoring Station. The phosphorus （P） uptake, distribution and migration of ＇Zhengmai 7698＇ were studied. The results showed that the total P accumulation amount in the upper part of wheat had significant differences under the medium and high fertility level, P uptake was 43.3 kg/hm2 and 49.4 kg/hm2, respectively, P amounts needed for the formation of 100 kg grain yield was 0.55 kg and 0.63 kg, respectively. Two P absorption peaks of ＇Zhengmai 7698＇ were observed. One was at turning green stage-jointing stage, in this period, the P uptake accounted for 26.3% and 27.4% of the total, the P absorption intensity was 0.53 and 0.62 kg/（hm^2· d） under the medium and high fertility level, respectively; second peak was at filling period, in 40 days the P uptake accounted for 52.8% and 49.5% of the total, the maximum P absorption intensity was 1.14 and 1.76 kg/（hm~. d） at initial filling stage. The maximum P uptake was in leaves at the jointing stage, 85.0% of which transferred to other organs in harvest period. The P accumulation of stems reached the maximum value at the heading stage, 74.7% of which transferred to other organs. The P accumulation of grains reached the maximum value （38.3 kg/hm^2） at the ripening stage, 94.2% of which transferred from leaves and stems. In mature period, 74.3% of the total P uptake was stored in the grain, and the remaining （25.7%） was stored in the stems, leaves and glumes.

关 键 词：'郑麦7698’ 磷素吸收 积累 分配 运移 肥力 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]