“种草养牛”循环农业模式效益比较分析  

Benefit Comparative Analysis of “Grass-cattle” Circular Agriculture Model

作　　者：江南[1,2] 邹冬生[1] 肖和艾[2] 李明德[3] 刘琼峰[3] 谷雨[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学生物科学技术学院,长沙410128 [2]中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,长沙410125 [3]湖南省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,长沙410125

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2017年第14期147-152,共6页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家支撑计划项目课题"循环农业科技工程"(2012BAD14B17)

摘　　要：笔者以位于湖南省长沙县金井镇的循环农业研究基地为例,对"单一养牛"、"种草养牛"和"种草养牛产肥"3种模式的比较效益进行了分析。结果表明:与"单一养牛"模式比较,"种草养牛产肥"模式的总产值、净产值和利润分别提高18.3%、76.7%和88.4%。从成本和投资两方面分析结果表明,无论是成本利用率与利用效率,以及投资利用率与投资效果,均呈现"种草养牛产肥"模式最好,"种草养牛"模式其次,"单一养牛"模式最差。但单纯从劳动投入的角度分析,"种草养牛产肥"和"种草养牛"模式的劳动成本占总成本的26.8%和25.9%,较"单一养牛"模式高57.7%和56.2%,说明"种草养牛产肥"和"种草养牛"模式的人工投入成本较高,需加快机械化技术应用。与"单一养牛"模式相比,"种草养牛产肥"模式的总产值和净产值提高1.2倍和4.3倍,扣除劳动成本后,"种草养牛产肥"模式的纯收益分别比"单一养牛"和"种草养牛"模式提高8.60倍和1.16倍。阐明"种草养牛产肥"模式不仅可有效地防止牛场废弃物对环境的污染,而且具有更好的经济效益,值得大力推广应用。The authors took the circular agriculture research base in Jinjing Town of Changsha County in Hunan Province as an example, analyzed the comparative benefits of ＂only cattle＂, ＂grass-cattle＂ and ＂grasscattle-fertilizer＂ model. The results showed that compared with ＂only cattle＂ model, the gross output value, net output value and profit of ＂grass-cattle-fertilizer＂ model increased by 18.3%, 76.7% and 88.4%, respectively. The results of cost and investment analysis showed that cost use ratio, utilization efficiency, investment use ratio and investment results of ＂grass-cattle-fertilizer＂ model were the best, then was ＂grass-cattle＂ model and ＂only cattle＂ model was the worst. Analysis of labor input showed that the labor cost of ＂grass-cattle- fertilizer＂ and ＂grass-cattle＂ accounted for 26.8% and 25.9% of the total cost, which were 57.7% and 56.2% higher than that of ＂only cattle＂ model, and it indicated that the labor cost of ＂grass-cattle-fertilizer＂ and ＂grass-cattle＂ was relatively high, it was imperative to accelerate the application of mechanization technology. Compared with ＂only cattle＂ model, the total output value and net output value of ＂grass-cattle-fertilizer＂ model increased by 1.2 times and 4.3 times, after deducting labor cost, the net return of ＂grass-cattlefertilizer＂ model increased by 8.60 times and 1.16 times compared with that of ＂only cattle＂ and ＂grasscattle＂ model. Therefore, the clarification of ＂grass-cattle-fertilizer＂ model could not only prevent the environmental pollution caused by the wastes in cattle farms effectively, but also have better economic benefits.

关 键 词：牧草 肉牛 有机肥 循环农业模式 效益分析 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]