50年来灞河流域水沙变化特征分析  

Characteristics of flow and sediment of Bahe basin in recent 50 years

作　　者：李洋洋[1,2] 白洁芳 周维博[1,2] 宋扬[1,2] LI Yang-yang BAI Jie-fang ZHOU Wei-bo SONG Yang(College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Changan University, Xi＇an 710054, China Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecology in Arid Areas of Ministry of Education, Changan University ,Xian 710054, China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学环境科学与工程学院,陕西西安710054 [2]长安大学旱区地下水文与生态效应教育部重点实验室,陕西西安710054

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2017年第3期20-25,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120113004800)

摘　　要：根据灞河流域水沙特点,选取反映灞河流域水沙变化趋势的马渡王水文站,利用灞河流域50年的实测年径流量和年输沙量资料,采用Mann-Kendall非参数统计检验法、小波分析法、双累积曲线法,结合流域降雨量分析了灞河流域水沙年际变化特点及突变的年份。结果表明:灞河流域水沙年内分配极不均匀,水沙总体下降趋势明显;水沙序列具有多时间尺度特征,但变化尺度并不一致;径流量和输沙量分别在1989年和1981年发生了突变,但突变时间具有差异性,且输沙量的敏感性更强;进一步分析表明,降雨量的波动是径流量年际变化的主要影响因素,而输沙量的减少则主要受到径流量和人类活动的综合影响。Based on observed data at hydrologic stations in recent 50 years, the variation trends of runoff and sediment discharge in the upper reaches of the Bahe River were analyzed. Non-parameter statistical methods of Mann-Kendal test, wavelet analysis and double mass analysis, combined with basin rainfall analysis, the inter- annual variability of flow and sand characteristics and mutation of the year in Babe river basin. The results show that the distribution of flow and sediment in the Bahe River Basin is extremely uneven and the annual wa- ter and sediment transports take a significantly downward trend. Both the water and sediment sequences had particular multi-scale and muhi-resolution attributes, but the scale of each was not completely consistent. The runoff and sediment transport rates were changed in 1989 and 1981, respectively, but the mutation time was different and the sediment load was more sensitive. Further analysis show that the fluctuation of rainfall is the main influencing factor of interannual variation of runoff, while the decrease of sediment load was mainly af- fected by the combined effects of runoff and human activities.

关 键 词：灞河流域 输沙量 降雨量 Mann-Kendall检验法 小波分析 

分 类 号：TV143.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]