施磷量对玉米产量及叶片部分酶活性的影响  

Effects of Phosphate Fertilizer on Yield and Enzyme Efficiency of Leaves in Spring Maize

作　　者：曹高燚 王晶[1] 杜锦[1] 牛巧龙 苏东伟[1] 田秀平[1] 

机构地区：[1]天津农学院农学与资源环境学院,天津300384

出　　处：《玉米科学》2017年第3期117-122,共6页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目"华北主要作物秸秆饲用技术及优质化生产技术集成与示范"(201503134);天津市高等学校创新团队计划"作物品质及抗逆性的遗传改良"(TD12-5017);天津农学院科技发展基金项目(2014N04);天津市种业科技重大专项(16ZXZYNC00150)

摘　　要：选用天津市主推玉米品种中单509,设5个施磷水平,测定不同生育期叶片的硝酸还原酶(NRase)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及玉米产量。结果表明,随施磷量的增加,玉米产量先升高后下降,呈单峰曲线变化,施纯磷量在75 kg/hm^2时中单509产量达到最大。随施磷量的增加,叶片SOD、POD、CAT、硝酸还原酶活性均先上升后下降,呈单峰曲线变化。施纯磷量在105 kg/hm^2时,大喇叭口期叶片POD活性最高;施纯磷量在75 kg/hm^2时,抽雄期叶片SOD活性和CAT活性、拔节期叶片硝酸还原酶活性最高。不同施磷量处理对玉米叶片的酶活性及产量有一定影响,增施适量磷肥有利于玉米叶片的氮代谢和玉米产量提高。For expounding enzyme efficiency of leaves and yield traits associated with phosphate fertilizers sup- plement and optimization of phosphate fertilizers suitable amount for high efficient maize production and clarifying the variation of various enzymes. The changes of spring maize variety ZhogndanS09 leaves in each growth stage were monitored using five levels of phosphate fertilizers sets. The results showed that the yield possessed a close re- lationship with the increasing use of phosphate, and showed a unimodal pattern in pace with phosphate fertilizers supplement at the level of 75 kg/ha. Catalytic efficiency of POD could reach onto the maximum on the big flare stage at the level of 105.00 kg/ha for phosphate fertilizers in the form of a unimoda] pattern. Enzyme efficiency of SOD and CAT came to the peak on the tasselling stage, enzyme efficiency of POD came to the peak at the jointing stage on the level of 75.00 kg/ha. Phosphate supplement possessed significant effect on yield and enzyme efficiency of leaves, and suitable increased phosphate supplement would be the best suggestion for enhancing nitrogen metabo- lism and yield.

关 键 词：玉米 磷肥 叶 酶活性 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]