深圳大雾天气的时空差异性分析  

Analysis of the Spatial and Temporal Difference for Foggy Weather in Shenzhen

作　　者：王明洁 陈训来 魏晓琳 张蕾 李绍峰 

机构地区：[1]深圳南方强天气研究重点实验室,广东深圳518040 [2]深圳市职业技术学院建筑与环境工程学院,广东深圳518040

出　　处：《广东气象》2017年第3期31-35,共5页Guangdong Meteorology

基　　金：华南区域气象中心科技攻关项目(GRMC2012M13;GRMC2012M16);广东省气象局科学技术研究项目(2015B50);深圳市科技研发资金项目(DZSYS2014071515395703;JCYJ20120618114014134);深圳市气象局项目(SZQX2013167)

摘　　要：利用高分辨率的自动气象观测资料和大气成分在线观测资料,分析了深圳大雾天气的时空变化特征以及区域间大雾持续时间和污染特征的异同。结果表明:深圳大雾日数总体呈减少的趋势;冬春季是大雾多发期,其中2月至4月上旬最为集中,凌晨至早晨是高发时段;深圳大雾空间差异性大,总体呈东多西少分布,东部沿海是区域大雾的多发区;大雾过程一般持续1~2 d,多为短历时雾,3h内完成生成、消散过程;位于东部沿海地区的盐田港站大雾过程持续日数和时长均较西部的竹子林基地站长,易出现持续时间长、影响日数多、强度大的大雾过程;大雾发生时竹子林基地站常伴随污染出现(轻度及以上污染概率34%),而盐田港站污染天气较少(<5%),各类污染物质量浓度均低于竹子林基地站;大雾时竹子林基地站首要污染物以PM_(2.5)为主(92%),盐田港站为PM_(2.5)(68%)和O3(27%)。Based on the data of high-resolution automatic weather stations and on-line atmospheric composition observations, we studied the spatial and temporal variation of foggy weather in Shenzhen and regional difference and similarity in fog duration and pollution characteristics. The result is shown as follows. The number of foggy days in Shenzhen tends to decrease generally and winter and spring are the two seasons with frequent fog, with February to the first ten days of April having the most concentration and the hours across day break having the most occurrence. In Shenzhen, the fog differs greatly spatially, distributed more in the east than in the west, with the eastern coast having the largest frequency. Fog usually lasts for 1 to 2 d, mostly of short duration, taking less than 3 h from genesis to dissipation. The Yantian Port, at the eastern coast of the city, has larger number of days with persistent fog and longer fog duration than the Zhuzilin site in the west. The fog there also lasts longer, has more days of influence and higher intensity. Together with fog, pollution often occurs at the site of Zhuzilin （with 34% of the pollution being light or above） while polluting weather seldom occurs at the site of the port （ 〈 5% ） and all kinds of pollutants are less concentrated than at the Zhuzilin site. During the fog, PM2.5 is the primary pollutant （92%） at the Zhuzilin site while PM2.5（68% ） and O3（27% ） prevail at the port.

关 键 词：天气与环境 大雾 自动观测资料 时空差异 污染特征 深圳市 

分 类 号：P468[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]