艾比湖流域不同生态系统土壤水盐空间异质性分析  

Analysis of the Spatial Variability of Soil Moisture and Salinity under Different Ecosystems in Ebinur Lake Basin

作　　者：赵明亮[1,2] 李艳红[1,2] 朱海强[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054 [2]新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室,新疆干旱区湖泊环境与资源实验室,新疆乌鲁木齐830054

出　　处：《土壤通报》2016年第6期1306-1313,共8页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：新疆维吾尔自治区重点实验室开放课题(2015KL015);国家自然科学基金项目资助(41561104)资助

摘　　要：运用传统统计学和地统计学相结合的方法对艾比湖流域山前人工绿洲—绿洲—荒漠过渡带—湖滨湿地生态系统土壤表层（0-20 cm）盐分、含水量、pH的空间异质性特征进行分析,结果表明：（1）山前人工绿洲属中度盐化土,绿洲—荒漠过渡带和湖滨湿地均属于重度盐化土;艾比湖流域土壤pH和盐分均由山前人工绿洲向湖滨湿地逐渐增大,含水量由山前人工绿洲向湖滨湿地递减;艾比湖流域土壤pH属于弱变异性,盐分和含水量均属于中等变异强度;（2）受结构因素影响,山前人工绿洲土壤pH、绿洲—荒漠过渡带土壤盐分和含水量、湖滨湿地土壤pH和盐分具有较强的空间相关性;受结构因素和随机因素综合影响,山前人工绿洲土壤盐分和含水量以及湖滨湿地土壤含水量具有中等的空间相关性;（3）艾比湖流域土壤pH和盐分呈现斑块状分布,均由山前人工绿洲向绿洲—荒漠过渡带到湖滨湿地依次递增;土壤含水量呈现条带状分布,由山前人工绿洲向绿洲—荒漠过渡带到湖滨湿地依次递减、艾比湖北部向南部逐渐减少;土壤盐分与pH和含水量分别呈现极显著正相关、显著负相关。Applying methods of statistics and geo-statistics, this research selected foremountain artificial oasis,oasis-desert transitional zone andlakesidewetland of Ebinur Lake Basin as the research objectives and studied thespatial variability of soil salinity, pH and moisture in the surface layer （0 - 20 cm）. The results showed thatforemountain artificial oasis was a moderately saline soils, oasis-desert transitional zone and lakesidewetlandwas aheavy saline soil. Soil pH and salinity of Ebinur Lake Basin showedan increasing trend from the foremountain artificialoasis to lakesidewetland, while soil moisture content showeda declining trend from the foremountain artificial oasis tolakesidewetland. The variation of soil pH in Ebinur Lake Basin was weak, while that of salt content and water moisturewas moderate. Soil pH inforemountain artificial oasis, salt and water moisture content inoasis-desert transitional zoneshowed strong spatial autocorrelation,which were mainly affected by structural factors.The soil salt and water moisturecontent inforemountain artificial oasis and the soil water moisture inlakesidewetland showed moderate spatialautocorrelation, which were affected by structural factors and random factors.In sampling area of Ebinur Lake Basin,the spatial distribution of surface soil salinity and pH showed spot massive pattern distribution, increased fromtheforemountain artificial oasis to lakesidewetland, while soil water moisture presented irregular striped pattern, decreasedprogressively fromthe foremountain artificial oasis to lakesidewetland, from northern to southern of Ebinur Lake. Thesignificant positive correlations between soil salt and pHand soil water content showedsignificant negative correlation.

关 键 词：艾比湖流域 生态系统 水盐 空间异质性 

分 类 号：S158.4[农业科学—土壤学]