气体轴承斯特林制冷机研究进展  

The progress of gas bearing Stirling cryocoolers

作　　者：王波[1,2] 寇翠翠 张银[1,2] 孔中科[1,2] 叶重[1,2] 吴维薇[1,2] 杨玉玲[1,2] 侯光泽[1,2] 刘昊[1,2] 徐海峰[1,2] 王飞[1,2] 朱魁章[1,2] 郭良珠 

机构地区：[1]中国电子科技集团公司第十六研究所,合肥230043 [2]安徽省低温与制冷技术省级重点实验室,合肥230043

出　　处：《低温与超导》2017年第6期4-8,28,共6页Cryogenics and Superconductivity

摘　　要：气体轴承斯特林制冷机是相同制冷量下体积最小、重量最轻、效率最高和可靠性最高的制冷机。为了满足高温超导器件等电子器件对斯特林制冷机需求,开展了10W@77K气体轴承斯特林制冷机的性能和环境适应性研究。在此基础上,设计制作了-100^-20℃温区、5W@77K和15W@77K气体轴承斯特林制冷机样机并进行了测试。10W@77K制冷机在输入功率为166.1W时达到10.55W@77K(热端温度30℃),制冷系数达到6.35%,通过了高低温贮存、高低温冲击、高低温工作以及机械振动、机械冲击等环境适应性实验。-100^-20℃温区制冷机在150W输入功率下获得38W@-80℃的制冷量,制冷系数为25.3%。15W@77K制冷机在输入功率为260W时获得了15.6W@77K的制冷量(热端温度35℃),制冷系数为6%。5W@77K制冷机在输入功率为90W时获得了5.1W@77K的制冷量(热端温度35℃),制冷系数为5.67%。该系列气体轴承斯特林制冷机的良好性能和环境适应性使得其可广泛应用于超导接收前端、斯特林低温冰箱和小型液氮系统等场合。Gas bearing Stirling cryocooler is the smallest, lightest, most efficient and reliable cryocooler at the same cooling capacity. In order to meet the demand of Stirling cryocooier for high temperature superconducting devices and other electronic de- vices, the performance and environmental adaptability of 10W@ 77K gas bearing Stirling cryocooler were studied. On this basis, prototypes of gas bearing Stirling cryocooler working at - 100 - - 20℃, 5W@ 77K and 15W@ 77K were designed and tested. 10W@ 77K cryocooler reaches 10.55W@ 77K （hot end temperature is 30℃ ） when the input power is 166.1 W, with the cooling coefficient of 6.35%, passes all kinds of tests ,such as the high and low temperature storage, impact, work test, and mechanical vibration and shock test, and other environmental adaptability tests. The cryocooler with - 100 - - 20℃ temperature range ob- tains 38W @ -80℃ at 150W input power, with cooling coefficient of 25.3%. The 15W @ 77K cryocooler achieves a cooling capacity of 15.6W@77K at the input power of 260W （hot end temperature is 35℃ ） and a cooling coefficient of 6%. The 5W@ 77K cryocooler achieves a cooling capacity of 5.1W@77K at the input power of 90W （the hot end temperature is 35℃ ） and a cooling coefficient of 5.67%. The series of gas bearing Stirling cryocoolers showing good performance and environmental adaptability will allow it widely to be used in superconducting receivers, Stirling low -temperature refrigerators and small liquid nitrogen systems and other applications.

关 键 词：气体轴承 斯特林制冷机 环境适应性 大冷量 

分 类 号：TB651[一般工业技术—制冷工程]