氮磷镁离子浓度和培养温度对三种兰花试管开花的影响  

Effect of Ionic Concentration of N,P and Mg,and Culture Temperature on Three Varieties of Orchids in vitro Flowering

作　　者：张新平[1,2] 丁群英[3] 李皓[4] 张芳芳 朱根发[2] 

机构地区：[1]陕西职业技术学院旅游系,西安710100 [2]广东省农业科学院环境园艺研究所,广州510640 [3]西安文理学院,西安710065 [4]西安理工大学艺术与设计学院,西安710054 [5]陕西省农业广播电视学校高陵分校,陕西高陵710200

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2017年第2期1-6,共6页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：国家十二五科技支撑计划课题(2015BAD07B06-2);广东省农业攻关重点项目((2011A020102007));西安市科技计划项目(NC13054(4);CXY1352WL11)

摘　　要：以建兰杂交种(建兰'小桃红'×纹瓣兰,XTW)、密花石斛无菌播种苗和春石斛(Dendrobium spot)侧芽组培苗为研究材料,探讨了氮磷镁离子浓度比例和培养温度对3种兰试管开花的影响,得出在蔗糖40g·L^(-1)+卡拉胶6g·L^(-1)+4.0mg·L^(-1) 6-BA的基础上,附加低氮高磷和变温,有助于密花石斛的试管花形成,密花石斛在变温[(18±1)℃/(25±1)℃]下,MS1(1/3N,9P)处理中有2株诱导出1个花芽(6.6%),开放畸形的白花;MS4(1/6N,15P)处理中有1植株诱导出2个花芽(3.3%),开放正常的黄花。但对XTW无菌播种苗和D.spot Right侧芽组培苗的离体花芽没有诱导效果。培养温度、H_2PO_4^+、Mg^(2+)、NO_3^-和NH_4^+浓度比例对密花石斛离体花芽诱导显著,对XTW和春石斛离体花芽诱导不显著。The study on the in vitro flowering of the Dendrobium spot, D. densiflorum and Cymbidium emsifolium ） ＇XiaoTaoHong＇ × C. aloifolium （XTW） were implemented. The results showed ： sucrous 40 g · L^-1 ＋carrageenan 6 · L^-1 ＋4.0 mg · L^-1 6-BA supplemented with low nitrogen（N） and high phosphrous（P） and variable temperature helps formulation of in vitro orchids flowering . Under variable temperature[- （18±1）℃/（25±1）℃], night/day, two flower buds of two plants from the D. densiflorum were induced, which opened malformation white flower under the treatment MS1 （1/3N, 9P）, and two flower buds from a plant of the D. densiflorum were induced and bloomed in yellow un- der the treatment MS4 （1/6N,15P）. No effect happened to XTW seedlings and the plantlets of the D. spot Right in vitro. The effect of culture temperature and the concentration proportion of H2PO4 ＋ , Mg2＋ ,NO3- and NH4＋ on the in vitro flowering of D. densiflorum were significant, though not significant in the XTW and D. spot.

关 键 词：兰花 离体开花 花芽 营养芽 诱导频率 

分 类 号：S682.31[农业科学—观赏园艺]