对流有效位能的本质和一种新的计算方法  

On the Essence and New Computing Method of Convective Available Potential Energy

作　　者：邹丽丽[1,2] 谭桂容[1] 李任承 谌芸 霍英[2] Zou Lili Tan Guirong Li Rencheng Chen Yun Huo Ying(Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044 Hebei Branch of China Meteorological Administration Training Centre, Baoding 071000 National Meteorological Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081)

机构地区：[1]南京信息工程大学,南京210044 [2]中国气象局气象干部培训学院河北分院,保定071000 [3]国家气象中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气象科技进展》2017年第3期6-15,共10页Advances in Meteorological Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(41475088);公益性行业(气象)科研专项(GYHY20140622)

摘　　要：详细阐释了对流有效位能(convective available potential energy,CAPE)的本质;提出了CAPE新的计算公式;简要介绍了与CAPE计算有关的物理过程和一些新的物理量。结合实例,用新的公式和目前通用的公式,对CAPE和对流抑制能量(convective inhibition,CIN)分三种情形进行对比计算:1)可逆湿绝热过程;2)假绝热过程;3)等假相当位温过程。计算结果表明,假绝热过程比可逆湿绝热过程CAPE新算法明显偏高、CIN明显偏低;MICAPS默认方法与等假相当位温过程计算结果大体相近。Some physical process and physical quantity related to the CAPE （convective available potential energy） are introduced in this paper; the essence of CAPE is explained in detail; a new formula is proposed to calculate the CAPE. Then we compare our new formula to the current general formula in an acture case as an instance for three kinds of physical processes： 1） the reversible moist adiabatic process; 2） the pseudo-adiabatic process and 3） constant pseudo-equivalent potential temperature process. The results show that in the case by the MICAPS, the CAPE value from our new algorithm, for the pseudo-adiabatic process is obviously higher than that in the reversible moist adiabatic process, and the CIN （convective inhibition ） is obviously lower. The result from default computational method of MICAPS is close to that for the constant pseudo-equivalent potential temperature process. So our new algorithm has some advantages.

关 键 词：对流有效位能 可逆湿绝热过程 假绝热过程 广义相当位温 湿静力平衡温度 广义湿静力能 

分 类 号：P458[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]