滇池草海间隙水与上覆水氮磷时空变化特征  

Temporal and Spatial Variation Characteristics of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Sediment Pore Water and Overlying Water of Dianchi Caohai Lake

作　　者：王一茹[1,2,3] 王圣瑞[2,3] 焦立新[2,3] 张云[2,3] 高秋生[2,3] 杨枫[2,3] 

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学环境科学与工程学院,昆明650500 [2]中国环境科学研究院环境基准与风险评估国家重点实验室,北京100012 [3]中国环境科学研究院国家环境保护湖泊污染控制重点实验室,湖泊生态环境创新基地,北京100012

出　　处：《环境科学》2017年第6期2336-2344,共9页Environmental Science

基　　金：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07102-004);国家自然科学基金项目(U1202235)

摘　　要：本文连续12个月监测了滇池草海柱状沉积物间隙水和上覆水不同形态氮磷浓度的垂向变化,揭示了不同季节间隙水与上覆水氮磷浓度差异及其形态组成贡献率,探讨了间隙水氮磷组成及氮/磷比值在湖泊富营养化及内负荷控制中的重要意义.结果表明:(1)草海间隙水NH_4^+-N浓度显著高于上覆水,而上覆水中NO_3^--N浓度显著高于间隙水,春、夏和秋季(2~11月)间隙水SRP浓度显著高于上覆水,而冬季(12月和1月)则与之恰好相反;(2)草海间隙水以NH_4^+-N和SRP贡献为主,分别占DTN和DTP的61%和78%,而上覆水则以DON和DOP贡献为主,分别占DTN和DTP的44%和81%,与春季和冬季相比,夏、秋季间隙水NH_4^+-N和SRP贡献率显著增加,而NO_3^--N、DON和DOP贡献率明显下降;(3)草海间隙水DTN/DTP、(NH_4^+-N+NO_3^--N)/SRP和DON/DOP比值均表现为春季>冬季>夏季>秋季,而上覆水氮/磷比值则以春季较高,夏、秋和冬季相对较低.The vertical variation in the contents of nitrogen and phosphorus with different forms in pore water and overlying water was continuously measured for twelve months in Dianchi Caohai Lake. The research revealed the difference of N or P concentration between pore water and overlying water and the contribution of nitrogen and phosphorus forms. It is significant to understand the formation of N and P and the ratio of N/P in pore water in the fields of lake eutrophication and the control of internal nutrient-loading. The results demonstrated that：①Sediment pore water ρ（NH4＋-N） was significantly higher than that in overlying water. But for NO3--N, it obeyed the opposite rule. From Feb. to Nov., ρ（SRP） was higher than that in overlying water, while the opposite rule was found in Dec. and Jan.. ②In sediment pore water, ρ（NH4＋-N） or ρ（SRP） presented the maximum contribution ratio of DTN （78%） or DTP （61%）, respectively. While, in overlying water, the maximum contribution ratio was DON（44%） or DOP（81%）, respectively. Compared to those in spring and winter, the contribution of ρ（NH4＋-N） and ρ（SRP） increased distinctly and the contribution of ρ（NO3--N）, ρ（DON） and ρ（DOP） dropped obviously in summer and autumn. ③The temporal variations for the ratios of DTN/DTP, （NH4＋-N＋NO3--N）/SRP and DON/DOP in pore water were all in the following sequence：spring〉 winter〉 summer〉 autumn. In overlying water, the N/P ratio in spring was relatively higher than that in the other three seasons.

关 键 词：滇池草海 沉积物间隙水 时空分布 氮磷组成 氮/磷比 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]