美国“再工业化”的国家安全含义及其对中国的影响  

National Security Implications of U.S. Re-industrialization Strategy and Its Impact on China

作　　者：余功德[1] 黄建安[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院世界政治研究中心,北京100720 [2]浙江省社会科学院,浙江杭州310007

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2017年第3期31-46,共16页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目(15BYY012)

摘　　要："再工业化"是奥巴马政府上台以来经济重建的重要内容,是金融危机后美国政府经济政策发生重大转变和重要转向的标志。长期"去工业化"导致美国经济上的过度虚拟化、社会上的贫富分化对立、政治上的两极化和意识形态上的"美国梦"危机,对美国国家实力造成了系统性的损害,给美国国家安全带来了全局性、结构性的挑战,威胁到美国在世界上的"领导地位",迫使美国政府不得不从国家安全的高度来看待和处理制造业问题,这是奥巴马政府推动"再工业化"战略的深层次原因。"再工业化"远不止是一项经济战略,同时还是一项安全战略,是美国国家安全战略调整的具体体现,蕴含着对华战略冲突的性质和对华贸易保护主义增强的意味。"再工业化"也不仅仅是应对金融危机的一种权宜之计,还是一次兼具长远意义的战略转折。问题决定议程。尽管特朗普对"美国霸权逻辑"颇有微词,也表现出很强的"反全球化"色彩,但特朗普上台后并没有改变奥巴马的"再工业化"战略取向,只是在策略上进行了一些调整。当然,这并不是说美国政府一定会实现美国的"再工业化"目标,是否去做与能否实现是两回事。Re-industrialization is the integral part of the economic reconstruction since the Obama administration came into power and it marks the major transition and critical turn of U. S. economic policy after the financial crisis. The Chinese academia has shown great concern about the policy shift in the United States but researchers have different views on the U. S. re-industrialization. There are still some divergences about whether the policy adjustment in the United States is a temporary expedient todeal with the financial crisis or a strategic turn with a profound significance in Chinese academia. This is mainly because （1）most existing studies analyzed U.S. re-industrialization strategy from an economic perspective or are based on the plan and policies of the Obama administration and ignored the national strategic concerns behind it; （2）most existing studies analyzed the influences brought by the long-term de-industrialization on the United States only at the economic level and lack the overall grasp. In order to make up for the deficiencies in the existing studies, this paper makes a systematic exposition on the deep motivation and the decision logic of the policy adjustment in the United States through the introduction of the national security perspective. First, this paper begins with a survey of the logic and connotation of U. S. national security and the relationship between manufacturing and U. S. national security; Secondly, this paper systematically analyzes the challenges brought by the long-term de-industrialization upon U. S. national security from the four linked levels of economy, society, politics and ideology; Finally, this paper discusses the national security implications of U.S. re-industrialization strategy and its impact on China. This study reaches the following conclusions- （1）Safeguarding American leadership in the world is the main goal of U.S. national security strategy since the end of the Cold War. And national power is the force base to maintain American hegemonic positi

关 键 词：美国 再工业化 国家安全 对华影响 

分 类 号：D771.2[政治法律—政治学] F414[政治法律—中外政治制度]