新建居住建筑物室内氡浓度与换气率关系研究  

Study on relationship between indoor radon concentration and air exchange rate for new residential buildings

作　　者：武云云[1] 梅爱华 张永贵 王俊霖[4] 尚兵[1] 崔宏星[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所辐射防护与核应急中国疾病预防控制中心重点实验室,北京100088 [2]广州市建筑科学研究院,510440 [3]中国建筑材料检测认证中心有限公司,北京100024 [4]清华大学工程物理系,北京100084

出　　处：《中华放射医学与防护杂志》2017年第6期451-455,共5页Chinese Journal of Radiological Medicine and Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（11375164）

摘　　要：目的初步探索新建居住建筑物室内氡浓度与换气率关系。方法选择广州和合肥两处新建毛坯房屋测量室内氡浓度与换气率，采用测氡仪连续测量室内氡浓度，采用示踪气体稀释法测室内换气率。结果广州房屋封闭条件连续测量48h，两间卧室内氡浓度均值分别为106和115Bq／m^3，范围分别为17～181Bq／m^3和6—224Bq／m^3，换气率分别为0．16和0．21次／h。合肥房屋封闭条件下两次连续测量48h，同一卧室内氡浓度均值分别为148和186Bq／m^3，范围分别为8～224和14～290Bq／m^3，换气率分别为0．14和0．12次／h。室内氡浓度随室内换气率的增加呈指数下降趋势。结论我国新建节能设计居住建筑物换气率低导致室内氡污染的问题应该引起重视。Objective To investigate the relationship between indoor radon concentration and air exchange rate for new residential building. Methods The indoor radon concentration and air exchange rate were measured in two new roughcast houses in Guangzhou and Hefei, respectively. The radon concentration was measured using radon instrument. The air exchange rate was measured by using tracer gas dilution method. Results The indoor radon concentrations measured in Guanzhou for two bedrooms in a 48 - hour closed condition were 106 and 115 Bq/m^3, the range of 17 - 181 and 6 -224 Bq/m^3. Air exchange rates were 0. 16/h and 0.21/h. In Hefei, the twice measured values for one bedroom were 148 and 186 Bq/m^3 , the range of 8 -224 and 14 -290 Bq/m^3, and air exchange rates were 0. 14/h and 0. 12/h. The indoor radon concentration exponentially decreased with the increase of air exchange rates. Conclusions Attention should be paid to the indoor radon pollution issue that may arise in new residential buildings of energy-saving design due to low air exchange rate.

关 键 词：居住建筑物 节能设计 室内 氡浓度 换气率 

分 类 号：TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程] X591[环境科学与工程—环境工程]