温度和品种抗性对烟草青枯病潜育期的影响  

Effects of temperature and varietal resistance on latent period of tobacco bacterial wilt

作　　者：何永宏[1] 曾乙心 刘林[1] 赵明丽[1] 刘月静[3] 陈兴全[1] 谢勇[1] 秦西云[4] 

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学植物保护学院,昆明市盘龙区沣源路650201 [2]云南农业大学烟草学院,昆明市盘龙区沣源路650201 [3]云南省烟草公司文山州公司,云南省文山开化中路123号663000 [4]云南省烟草农业科学研究院,昆明市圆通街33号650106

出　　处：《烟草科技》2017年第6期16-20,32,共6页Tobacco Science & Technology

基　　金：中国烟草总公司云南省公司资助项目"烟草主要土传病害快速预警技术研究及应用"(2015YN07);云南省高校科技创新团队支持计划项目"云南高校经济作物重要病原物致病机理与防控科技创新团队"[云教科(2014)22号]

摘　　要：为揭示烟草青枯病的发生流行规律,采用稀释涂布平板法确定菌悬液浓度,以K326、红花大金元、云烟85和云烟87为试验材料,利用盆栽试验筛选最佳接种方法,进而确定影响烟草青枯病侵染阈值和潜育期的关键因子。结果表明,采用菌悬液蘸根是烟草青枯病菌的最佳接种方法,与灌根法比较,蘸根法的发病时间可提早8 d;通过系列浓度梯度的菌悬液接种试验,明确了烟草青枯病的侵染阈值为3×102cfu/mL;人工气候箱盆栽试验结果显示,4个烟草品种表现出相似的发病规律,即烟草青枯病潜育期受温度影响较大,表现出潜育期随温度的升高而缩短。在最适发病期内,因品种抗性的差异,烟草青枯病潜育期为20~28 d,平均24 d,抗病性越高,潜育期越长;反之则越短。To explore the occurrence pattern of tobacco bacterial wilt （TBW）, spread plate method was used to determine the concentration of bacteria suspension. The pot experiments on cv. K326, Honghuadajinyuan, Yunyan 85 and Yunyan 87 were carried out to screen out the optimal artificial inoculation method. The key factors influencing the infection threshold and latent period of TBW were determined using this method. The results showed that root-dipping was the optimal artificial inoculation method for Ralstonia solanacearum. The occurrence time of TBW with root-dipping inoculation was 8 days earlier than that with root-irrigation inoculation. Through the inoculation tests of different concentrations, the infection threshold of R. solanacearum was determined as 3×102 cfu/mL. Further, the results of the pot experiments in the artificial climatic incubator indicated that four tobacco varieties had a similar pattern： the latent period of TBW was significantly affected by temperature, latent period decreased with the rising of temperature. In the optimal occurrence time, the latent period of TBW was between 20-28 days, with 24 days on average. The latent period in varieties with a higher disease resistance was longer.

关 键 词：烟草青枯病菌 潜育期 侵染阈值 温度 品种 

分 类 号：S432.41[农业科学—植物病理学]