湖北地区云地闪电频次及雷电流幅值时间分布特征  

The Time Distribution Characteristics on Frequency and Peak Current of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning in Hubei Province

作　　者：王学良[1] 张科杰[1] 余田野[1] 汪姿荷 

机构地区：[1]湖北省防雷中心,武汉430074

出　　处：《电瓷避雷器》2017年第3期1-9,共9页Insulators and Surge Arresters

基　　金：湖北省雷电灾害防御科研专项(编号:FL-Z-201401)

摘　　要：为进一步深入研究云地闪电频次及雷电流幅值随时间变化特征,为雷电防护工程设计和雷电灾害防御工作提供依据。根据湖北省2006年12月-2013年雷电定位系统(Lightning Location System,LLS)监测的相关资料,采用数理统计方法 ,对云地闪电频次和雷电流幅值的年、季、月、日等时间分布进行了统计分析。结果表明,年平均负闪电频次占95.9%,正闪占4.1%,平均正闪电强度47.2 kA,负闪34.5 kA,总闪35.1 kA。夏季闪电最多,主要发生在白天;冬季闪电最少,主要发生在夜间。闪电频次月变化呈单峰型,7月闪电最多,12月最少,3-9月份闪电次数占全年闪电97.0%,7-8月为雷电高发期,6-9月白天闪电多于夜间,其他月份夜间多于白天。正闪电强度月变化大致呈"V"型,负闪电强度月变化幅度较小。闪电频次和强度日分布均呈单峰单谷型,最大值一般出现在清晨至上午气温相对较低的时段,最小值出现在气温相对较高的午后至傍晚时段。正闪电频次百分比月变化大致呈"U"型,1月和12月份正闪百分比在30%以上,其他月份较低,日分布大致呈单峰单谷型,最大值在10-11时,最小值在14-15时。正闪电强度与气温高低呈负相关关系。其主要原因可能与空气密度有一定关系,具体原因有待进一步研究。In order to provide evidence for lightning protection engineering design and lightning disaster protection work, further in-depth study is carried out on the variation of lightning frequency and lightning peak current. According to the monitored data of lightning location system （LLS） from December 2006 to 2013 in Hubei province, the annual variation, seasonal variation, monthly variation and daily variation of lightning frequency and lightning peak current are analyzed by mathematical statistics method. The results show that average negative lightning occupies 95.9% of the whole lightning, and the positive lightning occupies 4.1%; the average intensity for positive lightning is 47.2 kA, and it is 34.5 kA for negative lightning, and 35.1kA for the whole lightning. Summer is the peak time for lightning, in this season most lightning happens in daytime, while in winter, lightning is the least, and often happens at night. The monthly variation for lightning presents to be a single peak form, the largest proportion happens in July, and smallest is in December. The lightning which happens in March to September occupies 97% of the whole lightning around the year, however, it is even more frequent in July to August. From June to September, lightning in daytime is more than that at night, but in other month, it is reversed. The density variation for positive lightning appears to be a V-shaped form while it is much more stable for negative lightning. The daily distribution for lightning frequency and lightning density is a single peak and single valley form, its maximum value appears in the morning which has lower temperature, and the minimum value is in the afternoon when it has higher temperature. The monthly percentage distribution for positive lightning turns to be an U-shaped type, in December and January, the positive lightning occupies above 30% of the whole lightning, but the data is smaller in any other month, and its daily percentage variation turns to be a single peak and single valley form, its peak value

关 键 词：闪电 频次 雷电流 幅值 时间分布 

分 类 号：P427.3[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] TM86[电气工程—高电压与绝缘技术]