一种便携式电子气囊压力监测装置的设计与研究  

A design and study of a novel electronic device for cuff-pressure monitoring

作　　者：王书鹏[1] 李维[2] 李雯[1] 宋德婧 陈德生[1] 段军[1] 李晨[1] 李刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京中日友好医院外科重症医学科,100029 [2]北京中日友好医院国际医疗部,100029

出　　处：《中华危重病急救医学》2017年第6期551-555,共5页Chinese Critical Care Medicine

摘　　要：目的设计一种新型的电子设备用于人工气道气囊压力监测，研究它在持续和间断气囊压力监测方面的优势。方法①设计发明一种便携式电子气囊压力监测装置（电子压力表），它可将压力信号转化为电信号用于气囊压力监测，同时优化鲁尔接头和仪器内部设计以最大限度保证测量过程中不出现压力泄漏，如果气囊压力超过正常值范围可通过声光进行报警。②用6个传统机械式手持式气囊压力表（手持压力表）分别对6根气管导管进行气囊压力测定，先将气囊压力固定在30 cmH2O（1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa），然后每30 s测定1次，共4次。③连续性测压：将6根气管导管、6个手持压力表和6个电子压力表分别随机编为1~6号，相同编号的固定为一组；再将这6组随机分为先用手持压力表监测和先用电子压力表监测两组，每种方法监测气囊压力的初始压力均设定为30 cmH2O，均每4 h监测1次，共6次。④间断性测压：连续性测压后，再按上述分组继续测定气囊压力，但每次测压完毕后，断开气囊压力表与气管导管。结果用手持压力表测压会导致气囊压力下降（F=728.2，P=0.000），平均每次测量值降低2.9 cmH2O。在连续性气囊压力监测中，用电子压力表每次测得的气囊压力值均明显高于手持压力表测量值。用手持压力表测得的气囊压力于8 h时均已低于20 cmH2O，而电子压力表在24 h内未出现压力值低于20 cmH2O的情况。在间断气囊压力监测中也得到了类似结果，用手持压力表所测气囊压力随时间延长呈明显下降趋势（F=61.795，P=0.000），8 h起均已低于20 cmH2O；而用电子压力表测得的气囊压力在24 h内均稳定在基础值左右（F=0.511，P=0.796）。结论新型便携式电子气囊压力监测装置与传统手持式气囊压力表相比，无论在连续还是间断气囊压力监测方面均表现出更好的稳定性，且设备小ObjectiveTo design a novel electronic device for measuring the pressure in the cuff of the artificial airway; and to study the advantage of this device on continuous and intermittent cuff pressure monitoring.Methods① a portable electronic device for cuff pressure measurement was invented, which could turn pressure signal into electrical signal through a pressure transducer. Meantime, it was possible to avoid pressure leak from the joint and the inside of the apparatus by modified Luer taper and sophisticated design. If the cuff pressure was out of the normal range, the apparatus could release a sound and light alarm. ② Six traditional mechanical manometers were used to determine the cuff pressure in 6 tracheal tubes. The cuff pressure was maintain at 30 cmH2O （1 cmH2O = 0.098 kPa） by the manometer first, and repeated every 30 seconds for 4 times. ③ Study of continuous cuff pressure monitoring： We used a random number generator to randomize 6 tracheal tubes, 6 mechanical manometers and 6 our products by number 1-6, which has the same number of a group. Every group was further randomized into two balanced groups, one group used the mechanical manometer first, and the other used our product first. The baseline pressure was 30 cmH2O, measurement was performed every 4 hours for 6 times.ResultsWhen traditional mechanical manometer was used for cuff pressure monitoring, cuff pressure was decreased by an average of 2.9 cmH2O for each measurement （F = 728.2, P = 0.000）. In study of continually monitoring, at each monitoring point, the pressure measured by electronic manometer was higher than the mechanical manometer. All the pressures measured by mechanical manometer were dropped below 20 cmH2O at 8th hour, and there was no pressure decrease below 20 cmH2O measured by electronic manometer in 24 hours by contrast. In study of intermittent monitoring, the same result was found. The pressure was dropped significantly with time when measured by mechanical manometer （F = 61.795, P = 0.000）, the drops below

关 键 词：气囊压力 测压计 电子 监测 

分 类 号：R318.6[医药卫生—生物医学工程]