温度和光照时间以及贮藏条件对枣花粉萌发的影响  

The Influence of Temperature,Illumination Time and Storage Conditions to Pollen Germination Rates of Ziziphus jujuba Mill

作　　者：吴硕[1] 智福军[1] 贾彦丽[1] 吕瑞江[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省农林科学院石家庄果树研究所,河北石家庄050061

出　　处：《河北农业科学》2017年第2期32-35,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：研究温度、光照时间以及贮藏条件对枣花粉萌发的影响,可以明确枣花粉最适的离体培养和贮藏条件,为枣生产和杂交育种授粉提供理论依据。以河北省内常见枣主栽品种抗病优系(99-1)、悠悠枣、金昌1号、金丝4号、大荔龙枣和无核小枣的花粉为试材,研究了不同温度(25、30和35℃)和光照时间(0、4、8和12 h)对离体花粉萌发率的影响,同时比较了干燥与非干燥花粉低温(4℃)保存30 d的活力变化。结果表明:除抗病优系(99-1)外,其他枣品种均表现为花粉萌发的适宜温度为25℃,光照对花粉萌发有一定的抑制作用;低温保存条件下,所有参试品种干燥花粉的活力保持时间明显长于非干燥花粉。枣花粉萌发的适宜条件为25℃暗培养;花粉干燥后低温冷藏,可用于花粉的短期保存。Study the influence of temperatures, illumination times and storage conditions to pollen germinations can find the optimal pollen in vitro culture and storage conditions, and provide theoretical basis for production and hybrid breeding pollination. This research studied the influence of different temperatures （25, 30 and 35 ℃） and illumination times （0, 4, 8 and 12h） to the pollen germination rates of Youyouzao, Jinchang No.l, Jinsi No. 4, Kangbingyouxi （99-1）, Dalilongzao and Wuhexiaozao. Also the effect of simultaneous contrast when kept at low temperature dry and non dry pollen vigor changes were researched. The results showed that 25 ℃ was suitable for jujube pollen germination expect Kangbingyouxi （99-1） . Light on pollen germination had certain inhibitory ef- fect. The pollen vitality of freeze-dried preservation could significantly keep longer. The suitable pollen germination condition was 25 ℃ with no light. Low temperature drying could be used for pollen short-term storage.

关 键 词：枣 花粉 温度 光照时间 离体培养 萌发率 短期贮藏 

分 类 号：S665.1[农业科学—果树学]