塑造救世主:“一战”后期“威尔逊主义”在中国的传播  

Molding a Savior:Dissemination of "Wilsonism" in China after WWI

作　　者：马建标[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学历史系,副教授上海200433

出　　处：《学术月刊》2017年第6期164-172,共9页Academic Monthly

基　　金：笔者主持国家社科基金"五四时期的反日运动研究"(13CZS026)的中期成果;2016年上海市浦江人才计划项目"进步主义与中美关系:美国政治学会领袖在中国的经历"(16PJC014);复旦大学亚洲研究中心A类课题的资助

摘　　要："一战"后期,威尔逊主义在中国大行其道,成为中国知识界和媒体界最受欢迎的外来思想。威尔逊主义之所以能够在中国广为传播,既是因为威尔逊总统的救世理念契合了"一战"时期中国人渴望和平民主的心理诉求,同时也与美国公共情报委员会和留美知识精英的努力提倡有关。以蒋梦麟为代表的留美派学人利用商务印书馆、江苏省教育会和北京大学等文化传播平台,大力推销《美国总统威尔逊参战演说》,为威尔逊主义在中国的传播竭尽所能。对中国而言,威尔逊主义的民族自决原则是最具吸引力的。在五四运动爆发前夕,北京政府徐世昌总统、研究系梁启超、北京大学的新文化派以及西南军阀等,从各自的利益出发,竞相以威尔逊主义为旗帜,发起和平运动和国民外交运动。质言之,威尔逊主义成为五四运动的一个外来的重要源动力。In the later period of WWI, Wilsonism was the most favorable foreign thought among Chinese intellectuals and the mass media. This was because US President Wilson＇s idea of saving the world corresponded to a psychological appeal for peace and democracy by the Chinese people during the period of WWI. And it was also because of the advocacy by US Public Information Committee and the Chinese intellectuals who studied in the States. The returned students from the States, with Jiang Menglin as their representative, took the Commercial Press, the Education Commission of Jiangsu Province and Peking University as platforms of cultural dissemination to spared no effort to sell US President Wilson＇s Speech of Declare War. To China, the most attracting was Wilson＇s principle of national self-determination. At the eve of May Fourth Movement, the President Xu Shichang of Beijing Government, Liang Qichao of the research group, the New Culture group of Peking University, and the warlords of south-west China, for their own benefits, all were in contending with each other to hold high the banner of Wilsonism and launched peace movement and a foreign driving force for the May campaign of national diplomacy. In Fourth Movement. other words, Wilsonism became a

关 键 词：“一战”威尔逊主义 北京大学 研究系 徐世昌 

分 类 号：K25[历史地理—历史学]