资源共享模式下的整车物流路径优化  

Automobile Logistics Routing Problem Optimization under Resource Sharing Mode

作　　者：姜彦宁 徐奇[1,3] 任晗[1] 靳志宏[1] 

机构地区：[1]大连海事大学交通运输管理学院,辽宁大连116026 [2]交通运输部,北京100736 [3]大连海事大学综合交通运输协同创新中心,辽宁大连116026

出　　处：《公路交通科技》2017年第6期114-121,共8页Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(71431001;71302044;71572023;71302085);交通运输部应用基础研究项目(2014329225110);中央高校基本科研业务经费项目(20110116205;3132016301);辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2015020092);欧盟玛丽居里国际科研人员交流计划项目(ENRICH-612546)

摘　　要：在对资源共享模式下的整车物流路径优化问题进行分析的基础之上,提出了共享车辆和共享车辆分拨中心两种资源共享模式下的整车物流路径优化网络,构建了以整车运输总成本最小为目标的数学优化模型,并设计了基于遗传算法的启发式算法用于求解该问题。结合华晨宝马、上海通用及广州本田的整车物流运输实例求解,认为文中所提出的资源共享模式可以节约总成本30%,能有效降低运营成本。对不同公路重载单位运输成本下最优成本的变化情况进行了比较分析。结果表明:单位运输成本越大,采用传统单独运输的成本越大,越应采用共享运输模式;但若公路重载运输单位成本与铁路和水路运输的成本越接近,则共享模式的优势越弱,成本节省率也就越低。Based on the analysis of the automobile logistics routing optimization problem under resource sharing mode, we proposed an automobile logistics routing optimization network based on 2 sharing resource modes （i. e. sharing vehicle, sharing vehicle distribution center）, constructed a mathematical optimization model with the objective of minimizing total cost of automobile transport, and designed a heuristic algorithm based on genetic algorithm to solve the proposed problem. Combining with the examples of BMW, SGM and Guangzhou Honda automobile logistics, it shows that the proposed resource sharing mode can reduce the total cost up to 30%, which can effectively reduce operating cost. We comparatively analyzed the optimal costs with different unit loaded road transport rates. It is concluded that （ 1 ） the larger the unit transport cost, the larger the cost using the traditional separate transport mode, and the more should to adopt the resource sharing mode; （2） while if the closer the unit cost of the heave-duty road transport to that of railway waterway transport, the less advantage of the resource sharing mode, the less on the cost saving rate.

关 键 词：交通工程 整车物流 路径优化 遗传算法 资源共享模式 共享车辆 

分 类 号：U491[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理] TP301.6[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]