基诺族老年人高血压检出率及其影响因素  

Prevalence and determinants of hypertension in the elderly of Jino nationality

作　　者：毛勇[1] 周佳[1] 楚天舒[2] 罗家洪[1] 赖纯米[1] 孙承欢[1] 祁秉先[1] 张倩[2] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医科大学公共卫生学院,云南昆明650500 [2]昆明医科大学第二附属医院心血管内科

出　　处：《中华高血压杂志》2017年第5期446-450,共5页Chinese Journal of Hypertension

基　　金：云南省科技计划项目(2013FB115)

摘　　要：目的了解基诺族老年人原发性高血压的患病情况,探讨相关影响因素。方法 2015年8月,采用多阶段分层整群抽样方法抽取年龄≥60岁基诺族老年人793人,调查高血压患病情况,并收集病史和体检资料。结果调查基诺族老年人793人,高血压检出率为39.1%(95%CI35.7%~42.5%),低于我国年龄≥60岁人群高血压患病率(49.0%,P<0.05)。高血压、单纯收缩期高血压(ISH)和正常高值血压的检出率均呈随年龄增长而增加(P<0.05)。离婚或丧偶后未再婚人群的高血压和ISH检出率高于在婚人群,经济发展水平中等地区的高血压检出率高于较低地区(P<0.05)。多元Logistic回归分析结果表明,经济发展水平与饮酒之间有跨层交互作用(P<0.05);个体水平协变量中,与高血压正相关的是体质量指数(BMI,OR=1.146,95%CI 1.053~1.248)、年龄(OR=1.365,95%CI 1.105~1.685)、离婚或丧偶后未再婚(OR=1.847,95%CI 1.033~3.304)、吸烟(OR=1.601,95%CI1.001~2.560)和高盐膳食(OR=5.898,95%CI3.499~9.942),而经常食用蔬菜与高血压呈负相关(OR=0.462,95%CI0.273~0.781)。结论基诺族老年人高血压检出率低于全国水平,主要危险因素包括经济发展水平、饮酒、BMI、年龄、离婚或丧偶、吸烟和高盐膳食,而经常食用蔬菜是保护因素。Objective To determine the prevalence and influence factors of primary hypertension among the elderly population of Jino nationality. Methods In August 2015, a total of 793 persons aged 60 years and older sampled by stratified multistage sampling from the elderly population of Jino nationality were enrolled, with the prevalence of hypertension calculated, and the data of medical history and physical examination collected. Results The preva- lence of hypertension in the 793 subjects was 39.1% （95% CI 35.7%--42.5%）, which was lower than that in the elderly aged 60 years and older in China （49.0%, P〈0.05）. With the increase of age, the prevalence of hyperten- sion, isolated systolic hypertension （ISH） and prehypertension increased （P〈0.05）. The prevalence of hyperten- sion and ISH in the divorced or widowed elderly population were higher than that in the marriaged population, and the prevalence of hypertension in the elderly population living in middle economic level area was higher than that in low economic level area （P〈0.05）. The results of multilevel logistic regression model indicated that there was a cross-level interaction effect between economic level and drinking （P%0.05）. Some individual level co-variates, in- cluding body mass index （BMI, OR=1. 146, 95% CI 1. 053-1. 248）, age （OR=1. 365, 95N CI 1. 105-1. 685）, divorce or widow （OR=1. 847, 95% CI 1. 033-3. 304）, smoke （OR= 1. 601, 95% CI 1. 001-2. 560） and high salt diet （OR= 5. 898, 95% CI 3. 499 - 9. 942）, were positive associated with hypertension. However, regular eating vegetable had a negative association with hypertension （OR = 0. 462, 95% CI 0. 273- 0. 781）. Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in the elderly of Jino nationality is lower than national level. The dominant risk fac- tors associated with hypertension include economic level, drinking, BMI, age, divorce or widow, smoke and high salt diet. However, regular eating vegetable is a protect factor.

关 键 词：老年人 少数民族 高血压 影响因素 多水平模型 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]