隧道爆破振动下砌体结构局部动力反应研究  

Local Dynamic Response of a Masonry Structure to the Vibrations of Tunnel Blasting

作　　者：管晓明[1,2,3] 傅洪贤[4] 王梦恕[4] 郭彩霞[5] 刘琨[6] 刘同良[6] 

机构地区：[1]青岛理工大学土木工程学院,青岛266033 [2]河北建设勘察研究院有限公司,石家庄050031 [3]河北省岩土工程研究中心,石家庄050031 [4]北京交通大学土木建筑工程学院,北京100044 [5]清华大学土木水利学院,北京100084 [6]北京市市政二建设工程有限责任公司,北京100037

出　　处：《现代隧道技术》2017年第3期135-141,共7页Modern Tunnelling Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51278042);山东省自然科学基金资助项目(ZR2016EEB27)

摘　　要：文章依托成渝客专新红岩隧道爆破工程,选取典型实测爆破地震波和典型二层砌体结构,分析了砌体结构的低阶整体模态和高阶局部模态,采用振型位移叠加法理论分析了隧道爆破振动下结构的位移和应力反应特征,研究了不同峰值振速下砌体砖墙的主拉应力分布及变化规律。结果表明:典型二层砌体结构1~5阶为低阶整体模态,固有频率为8.80~24.86 Hz,振型为整体均匀变形;6~20阶为高阶局部密集模态,固有频率为25.96~36.14 Hz,局部变形显著大于整体变形;高频的隧道爆破振动引起的结构位移很小,而局部构件上的内力要比位移大得多,这是因为结构内力计算中的振型幅值向量乘以了振型频率的平方;隧道爆破振动下结构的动力损伤主要由瞬时产生的高应力控制,而不是位移;砖墙的门、窗洞角处及砖墙与混凝土构件接触的应力集中部位和女儿墙、侧墙、中隔墙、阳台等局部构件振动较大的部位受拉应力较大,在隧道爆破振动下容易产生损伤。Based on the New Hongyan tunnel of the Chengdu-Chongqing Passenger Dedicated Line, a typical blasting vibration wave and a two-layer masonry structure were selected to analyze the low-order integrated mode and high-order local mode of the masonry structure. The characteristics of displacement and the stress response of the structure to vibrations during tunnel blasting were studied using the modal displacement superposition method. The distribution and variation of the principal tensile stress of brick walls under different particle peak velocities were calculated. The results show that for a typical two-layer masonry structure, the first five stages are of a low-or- der integrated mode with natural frequencies in the range of 8.80-24.86 Hz and vibration modes that are integrated uniform deformations, while the 6th to 20th stages are of a high-order local dense mode with natural frequencies in the range of 25.96-36.14 Hz and local deformations that are significantly larger than the integrated deformations; the structural displacement induced by high-frequency vibration modals is very small, but the internal force response of local elements are much larger than the displacement since the modal amplitude vector of the internal force calculation is multiplied by the square of the modal frequency; the structure dynamic damage induced by the tunnel blasting vibration is mainly controlled by the instantaneous high stress rather than the displacement; and under intense vibrations, tensile stresses are high at the brick doors, window corners, contact areas of brick and concrete elements with a stress concentration, parapet wall, side-walls, partition walls and balconies and this is where damage often occurs.

关 键 词：隧道爆破 高频振动 砌体结构 动力反应 高阶局部模态 应力损伤 

分 类 号：U455.6[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]