团体心理辅导对社区空巢老人认知能力的影响  

Effects of group guidance on the cognitive ability of empty nesters in a community

作　　者：隆春玲 贺美玲[2] 范磊[3] 乔松[4] 潘瑞婧 王依[5] 杨洋[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京市西城区西长安街社区卫生服务中心心理科,100031 [2]首都医科大学附属北京安定医院心理咨询科,100088 [3]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715 [4]北京市第二医院神经内科,100031 [5]韩国汉阳大学国际学院,133791

出　　处：《中华现代护理杂志》2017年第7期942-945,共4页Chinese Journal of Modern Nursing

基　　金：北京市西城区可持续发展项目（SD2011-2）

摘　　要：目的 探讨团体心理辅导对社区空巢老人认知能力的影响.方法 采取方便取样的方法 ,选取2014年4月—2015年4月北京市西城区多个社区60岁以上空巢老人179名,按随机数字表法分为干预组（n=89）和对照组（n=90）.干预组实施团体心理辅导干预,每周1次,每次60 min,持续12个月,对照组不做任何干预.干预前后采用简易精神状态检查表（MMSE）评估空巢老人的认知能力.结果 干预前后干预组空巢老人定向力、记忆力、语言能力及认知能力总分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.干预前后对照组空巢老人回忆能力和认知能力总分比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.干预前,两组空巢老人认知能力总分及各维度比较,差异无统计学意义（P〉0.05）.干预后,干预组空巢老人定向力、注意力和计算力、语言能力及认知能力总分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义（P〈0.05）.结论 空巢老人的认知能力随着年龄的增长逐渐弱化和衰退,团体心理辅导干预可以明显改善社区空巢老人的认知能力.Objective To explore the effects of group guidance on the cognitive ability of empty nesters in a community.Methods Totally 179 empty nesters aged above 60 from a community in Xicheng District,Beijing between April 2014 and April 2015 were selected by convenience sampling,and divided into an intervention group （n=89） and a control group （n=90）. Patients in the intervention group were treated by group guidance,once a week （60 min each time） for 12 months,while patients in the control group received no intervention. And the empty nesters＇ cognitive ability was evaluated with Mini-mental State Examination （MMSE） before and after the intervention.Results The differences found in comparing the orientation,memory, linguistic competence and cognitive ability of the empty nesters in the intervention group were statistically significant （P〈0.05）. And the differences found in comparing the memory and cognitive ability of the empty nesters in the control group were also statistically significant （P〈0.05）. Before the intervention,however,there was no significant difference between the empty nesters in the two groups in cognitive ability and other indicators （P〉0.05）. After the intervention,the empty nesters in the observation group scored higher in orientation, attention,numeracy,linguistic competence and cognitive ability than the empty nesters in the control group （P〈0.05）.Conclusions Empty nesters＇ cognitive ability comes to weaken and decline with age,and group guidance helps to improve their cognitive ability significantly.

关 键 词：社区保健护理 心理疗法 认知 团体心理辅导 空巢老人 

分 类 号：R473.2[医药卫生—护理学]