某市重点职业病监测现状分析  

Analysis of the situation on monitoring of key occupational disease in a city

作　　者：李环[1] 袁德峥[1] 张晓娇[1] 陈蕾[1] 阎琳琳[1] 李婷[1] 周美慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]盘锦市疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《中国卫生工程学》2017年第3期294-297,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health Engineering

摘　　要：目的了解某市重点职业病监测现状,找出存在的主要问题,为制定职业病防治策略提供合理性建议。方法向安全生产监督管理部门、职业健康检查机构及劳动保障部门分别收集重点职业病危害因素相关信息、重点职业病职业健康检查情况及职业病病人工伤保险待遇落实情况等资料,对收集的数据进行汇总和分析。结果安监局备案的职业病危害项目申报表涉及重点职业病危害因素340家,重点职业病危害因素接触人数为20 165人,监测职业病危害因素包括煤尘、矽尘、石棉尘、苯、铅和噪声。体检机构上报接触重点职业病危害因素的企业数为93家,重点职业病危害因素接触劳动者人数为10 164人,监测职业病危害因素包括煤尘、矽尘、苯和噪声,职业病人1人、职业禁忌劳动者2人,无疑似职业病。接触煤尘劳动者532人,无尘肺样改变;接触苯工作人员共935人,潜在轻度苯中毒危害的检出率为5.9%;接触噪声工作人员共9 102人,双耳高频平均听阈≥40 d B(A)74人,异常率0.8%。结论⑴实际进行职业健康检查的企业数和劳动者数量远远少于在安监部门备案数,建议以辖区为单位建立互通平台,各县区安监部门与体检机构做好对接工作,从而实现对劳动者进行全面有效的健康监护。⑵该市私营企业数量多且职业卫生法律意识淡薄,对劳动者的职业健康检查存在少检或漏检现象,是今后安监部门监管的重点。⑶职业病及职业禁忌证出现在年龄45~52岁、工龄24~30年者,这部分人群是体检机构健康监护的重点。职业病、疑似职业病和职业禁忌证检出率低,建议安监部门增加监督频次,督促企业及时安排体检异常的劳动者进行复查,同时提高体检机构的诊断及鉴别诊断能力。⑷现场检测覆盖率较低,建议安监部门督促企业重视职业病危害因素的现场检测,从源头控制职业病危害因素。Objective To learn the situation on monitor the key occupational disease in the city, find out the main problems, to provide reasonable suggestions for occupational disease prevention and control strategies. Methods From the ad- ministration of work safety, occupational health inspection agencies, and labor and social security departments to collect key information of occupational hazard, respectively, and the collected data were summarized and analyzed. Results There were involved 340 enterprises and 20 165 workers of the key occupational disease in the occupational - disease - inductive project declaration forms of administration of work safety. The monitoring occupational diseases included coal dust, silica dust, asbestos dust, benzene, lead, and noise. But there were involved 93 enterprises and 10 164 workers of the key occu- pational disease in the medical institutions. The monitoring occupational diseases included coal dust, silica dust, benzene and noise. There were 1 occupation patient, 2 occupational contraindications, and no suspected occupational diseases. Dust exposure of workers were 532, no pneumoconiosis change. A total of 903 workers exposed to benzene, and potential mild benzene poisoning hazard accounting for 5.9%. There were 9 102 noise exposure workers, and 74 high frequency hearing threshold I〉40 dB, accounting for 0. 8%. Conclusion The numbers of enterprises and the workers in occupational health examinations are far less than the record number in the administration of work safety. Recommendations to establish a communication platform for the administration of work safety and medical institutions , to implement effective workers health care. 2. There are a lot of private enterprises in the city, and the owners are lack of legal consciousness of occupation- al health. Workers＇ occupational health examination are often less or leak , this is the focus for administration of work safety in the future. 3. Investigation shows that occupational diseases and occupational contraindicated are betw

关 键 词：重点职业病监测 职业健康检查 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]