产业过度集聚的形成机制研究——以河北省钢铁产业为例  

The Formation Mechanism of Excessive Industry Agglomeration——A Case Study of Hebei Steel Industry

作　　者：芮明杰[1] 马昊[1] 韩自然[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学管理学院

出　　处：《经济与管理研究》2017年第7期94-104,共11页Research on Economics and Management

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"现代产业体系发展的理论与政策研究"(11&ZD142)

摘　　要：产业集聚在推动地方经济发展、提高就业率、促进技术外溢等方面起到十分重要的作用。然而,政府干预下的过度集聚却违背了市场规律,产生了较为严重的负向外部性。本文采用案例研究法,发现地方政府通过产业政策、财税政策、环境治理等手段,导致河北钢铁行业规模与集聚度不断上升,效益却显著下降,证实了政府干预引发的过度集聚。进一步采用2009—2013年河北制造业面板数据进行实证检验,研究结果表明:政府干预对于产业集聚有着重要影响,其中税收减免、土地优惠等干预措施能强化产业集聚,而通过保护国有企业利益等措施弱化了产业集聚。因此,地方政府在制定相关政策时,要合理选择政策区间,避免出现过度集聚同时导致产业陷入大而不强的境地。Industry agglomeration plays an important role in promoting local economic development, raising employment rates and technology spillovers. However, the excessive agglomeration caused by government intervention is contrary to the laws of the market, resulting in a serious negative externalities. This paper uses the case study method ,finding that Heibei local government has increased the scale and agglomeration degree of the iron and steel industry through the means of industrial policies, fiscal policies and environmental governance, but the benefits of the industry have been significantly reduced, confirming the excessive agglomeration is caused by government intervention. Further study uses Hebei manufacturing panel data from 2009 to 2013 for empirical testing, and the results show that government intervention has important influence on industrial agglomeration, tax deduction and land concession can strengthen industrial agglomeration, and protecting the interests of state-owned enterprises can weaken the industrial agglomeration. Therefore, in the formulation of relevant policies, the local government must choose a reasonable policy range, to avoid excessive agglomeration and leading the industry into a large but not competitive situation.

关 键 词：过度集聚 拥挤效应 政府干预 河北钢铁产业 

分 类 号：F429.9[经济管理—产业经济]