中国特有属藤山柳属(猕猴桃科)的花药和胚珠发育及其分类学意义  

Anther and Young Ovule Development in Clematoclethra(Actinidiaceae) with Taxonomic Implications

作　　者：李璐[1] 张梓袁 孔冬瑞[2] 彭华[3] 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学云南生物多样性研究院,昆明650224 [2]鲁东大学生命科学学院,烟台264025 [3]中国科学院昆明植物研究所东亚植物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室,昆明650201

出　　处：《植物研究》2017年第4期508-513,共6页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(NSFC31260045;NSFC31460040);中国科学院生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室资助项目(课题编号:KLBB201203)~~

摘　　要：首次报道了刚毛藤山柳(Clematoclethra scandens subsp.scandens)的花药和早期胚珠发育的胚胎学特征:花药4室;发育完整的花药壁6层,为基本型花药壁,由外至内分别为表皮、药室内壁、两层中层和两层绒毡层;腺质型绒毡层为2核或3核,纤维性加厚发生于药室内壁;小孢子母细胞减数分裂为同时型胞质分裂,小孢子四分体多为四面体型;成熟花粉粒为2-细胞型,3孔沟或稀4孔沟。早期胚珠为近倒生,单珠被,薄珠心,珠孔由单珠被构成。比较胚胎学研究认为藤山柳属和猕猴桃科的其它两个属都具有单珠被胚珠及其他相似的花药发育特征,这些特征和形态分类系统范畴的第伦桃科和山茶科有明显区别。因此,本文支持花粉形态学、细胞学和分子系统学的观点,认为藤山柳属与水东哥属和猕猴桃属构成一个较好的单系,一并放在猕猴桃科。The anther and young ovule development of the genus Clematoclethra is reported for the first time. This research shows the following embryological features in C. scandens subsp, scandens. It has a six-layered anther wall with a basic type of development, including an epidermis, two middle layers, two glandular tapetum layers, a fibrous thickened endothecium in mature anther. It is characteristic of owning successive cytokinesis during microsporogenesis, tetrahedral tetrads, and 2-celled pollen grains; a unitegmic-tenuinucellate and nearly anatropous young ovule, a micropyle formed by unitegument. The ovule in Clernatoclethra is unitegument as well as in both Actinidia and Saurauia, while those of Theaceae family are bitegument. Therefore embryological data supports the viewpoint based on pollen morphology, cytology, and molecular data that Clematoclethra should be grouped into Actinidiaceae, and together with other two genera （Actinidia and Saurauia ）, constitutes a well- supported monophyly.

关 键 词：猕猴桃科 胚胎学 藤山柳属 山茶科 系统学 

分 类 号：Q949.758.2[生物学—植物学]