一株低致病性H5N3亚型禽流感病毒(AIV)的生物学特性  

Biological Characteristics of One Low Pathogenic H5N3 Subtype Avian influenza virus (AIV)

作　　者：关立峥[1,2] 孔兴天 韩舒雨 谷文丽 刘驰煌 陈思[2] 崔鹏飞[2] 胡永浩[1] 邓国华[2] 陈化兰[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学动物医学院,兰州730070 [2]中国农业科学院哈尔滨兽医研究所/农业部动物流感重点开放实验室/兽医生物技术国家重点实验室,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》2017年第7期1170-1177,共8页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目(No.31572552)

摘　　要：H5亚型禽流感病毒(Avian influenza virus,AIV)随着其不断进化、变异及对宿主的适应,部分毒株已经稳定存在并获得对其自然宿主的高致病力,这不仅严重危害到养禽业的发展,更对人类的公共卫生安全构成潜在威胁。为了解H5N3亚型AIV的生物学特性,本研究对2015年江苏省分离的一株低致病性H5N3亚型AIV(A/Duck/Jiangsu/S1665/2015)进行遗传演化分析、小鼠(Mus musculus)感染性实验和受体结合特异性实验。遗传演化分析结果表明,该病毒的8个基因片段(血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)、神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)、碱性聚合酶蛋白1(polymerase basic protein 1,PB1)、PB2、酸性聚合酶蛋白(polymerase acid protein,PA)、核蛋白(nucleoprotein,NP)、基质蛋白(matrix protein,M)和非结构蛋白(nonstructural protein,NS))来源均不相同,具有明显的遗传多样性。小鼠感染性实验结果显示,这株病毒可以在小鼠的肺脏和鼻甲内进行有效复制,仅引起小鼠的体重出现阶段性下降,对小鼠呈现低致病性。受体结合特异性分析结果表明,这株病毒同时具有与唾液酸(sialic acid,SA)α2,3-Gal和SAα2,6-Gal受体结合的能力,具有感染人类的潜在风险。本研究通过对这株低致病性的H5N3亚型AIV的生物学特性的系统性分析,发现此株病毒的基因来源具有野鸟源性,且具有感染哺乳动物的潜在风险。研究结果对于H5N3亚型AIV的综合防控具有重要的指导意义。The H5 subtype Avian influenza virus （AIV） has been stably established in nature and gains high pathogenicity to its natural hosts through continual evolution, variation and adaptation. Its prevalence not only causes serious harm for the poultry industry, but also has potential threat to human public health security. To better understand the biological property of H5N3 AIV, phylogenetic analysis, mouse （Mus musculus） infection experiment and receptor binding assay were conducted for a low pathogenic H5N3 AIV strain A/Duck/Jiangsu/S1665/2015 which was isolated from Jiangsu province in 2015. The phylogenetic analysis showed that its eight gene segments （hemagglutinin （HA）, neuraminidase （NA）, polymerase basic protein 1 （PB1）, PB2, polymerase acid protein （PA）, nucleoprotein （NP）, matrix protein （M） and non-structural protein （NS）） were derived from different ancestors and demonstrated obvious genetic diversity in there origin. The result of mice infection experiment showed that this virus could efficiently replicate in the nasal turbinates and lungs of infected mice without preadaptation. It caused only slight weight loss, and thereby it was low pathogenic to mice. Receptor binding assay showed that the virus could bind both et-2,3-1inked sialic acid （SA） （avian type receptor） and a-2,6-1inked SA （human type receptor）. In conclusion, the present study systematically analyzed the biological properties of A/Duck/Jiangsu/S1665/2015 virus. The findings indicated that the H5N3 AIV could potentially infect mammalian hosts, which provides important data for the prevention and control of H5N3 subtype AIVs.

关 键 词：禽流感病毒(AIV) H5N3 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S855.3[农业科学—临床兽医学]