三聚氰胺对肉鸡的亚慢性毒性研究  

Subchronic Toxicity Study of Melamine in Broiler Chickens

作　　者：孟凡生[1] 朱风华[2] 陈甫[2] 巩青军[2] 苏强[2] 朱连勤[2] 

机构地区：[1]临沂大学农林科学学院,山东临沂276005 [2]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《中国家禽》2017年第11期27-31,共5页China Poultry

基　　金：基金项目:山东省现代农业产业技术体系家禽产业创新团队(SDAIT-11-07;SDAIT-11-17)

摘　　要：试验旨在研究三聚氰胺对肉鸡的亚慢性毒性。选取120只1日龄健康AA肉鸡,随机分成5组,第1组为对照组,第2~5组为试验组,分别饲喂含三聚氰胺0、40、120、360和1 080 mg/kg的饲料,试验期为60 d。结果表明,肉鸡摄入含三聚氰胺360 mg/kg和1 080 mg/kg的饲料,出现明显的中毒症状和死亡,肉鸡料重比、平均日增重极显著低于对照组(P<0.01);血浆丙氨酸氨基转氨酶(ALT)和天门冬氨酸氨基转氨酶(AST)活性、血浆肌酐、尿酸含量以及肝脏和肾脏指数显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。肉鸡摄入含三聚氰胺40 mg/kg和120 mg/kg的饲料,其生产性能、血液生化指标及脏器指数与对照组无明显差异(P>0.05)。由此可见,肉鸡摄入饲料中三聚氰胺含量高于360 mg/kg可发生三聚氰胺中毒,中毒靶器官是肝脏和肾脏;饲料中三聚氰胺对肉鸡的无可见有害作用水平为120 mg/kg。The aim of this study was to investigate the subchronic toxicity of melamine in broilers. A total of 120 healthy I-day-age AA broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups, the first group was the control group, the 2nd to 5th groups were the experimental group, which were fed diets added with 0, 40, 120, 360, or 1 080 mg/kg of melamine. The test lasted for 60 days. The results showed that broilers were fed with diets containing 360 mg/kg and 1 080 mg/kg of melamine had obvious symptoms of poisoning and death, the feed-weight ratio and average daily gain of broilers were significantly lower than those of the control group （P〈0.01）, the activity of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, the level of creatinine and uric acid, liver index and kidney index were significantly higher than those in the control group （P〈0.05）. When broilers were fed with 40 mg/kg and 120 mg/kg of melamine, there were no significant differences in production performance, blood biochemical indexes and organ index compared with the control group （P〉0.05）. It was suggested that more than 360mg/kg melamine in diet could lead to melamine poisoning in broiler, and the main impaired organs were liver and kidney. 120 mg/kg melamine in diet had no visbly harmful effect on broiler.

关 键 词：三聚氰胺 肉鸡 亚慢性毒性 血液生化指标 脏器指数 平均日增重 

分 类 号：S831.5[农业科学—畜牧学]