4,5-二氧代氰基咪唑盐酸盐的合成与表征  

Synthesis and Characterization of 1H-imidazolium-4,5-dinitrile Dioxides Hydrochloride

作　　者：吴敏杰[1,2] 李祥志[1,2] 毕福强[1,2] 李亚南[1,2] 周彦水[1] 王伯周[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安近代化学研究所,陕西西安710065 [2]氟氮化工资源高效开发与利用重点实验室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《火炸药学报》2017年第3期41-46,共6页Chinese Journal of Explosives & Propellants

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(No.21503162)

摘　　要：以4,5-二氰基咪唑为起始原料,通过羟胺氰基加成、重氮化取代、水解脱氯化氢等反应自主设计、合成了新型含能化合物4,5-二氧代氰基咪唑盐酸盐,总收率为58.2%;利用红外、核磁和元素分析等方法对目标化合物和中间体进行了结构表征;培养了中间体4,5-二氯肟基咪唑盐酸盐的单晶,用SHELXTL程序解析计算单晶的X射线衍射数据得到晶体的结构参数;利用DSC法分析了4,5-二氧代氰基咪唑盐酸盐的热分解性能。结果表明,4,5-二氯肟基咪唑盐酸盐晶体属于斜方晶系、Pna2(1)空间群,相对分子质量为259.47,密度为1.699g/cm3;4,5-二氧代氰基咪唑盐酸盐热分解温度始于140.23℃,经162.73℃和177.73℃两个分解放热峰,直至208.48℃分解放热结束,说明其结构比较稳定。Using 4,5-dicyanoiazole as starting material,a novel energetic compound 1H-imidazolium-4,5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride with total yield of 58.2% was self-designed and synthesized by addition reaction of hydroxylamine to cyanide,diazo-substitution reaction and hydrolysis reactions eliminating chlorine hydride.The structures of target compound and intermediates were characterized by IR,NMR and elemental analysis.Single crystal of the intermediate 4,5-dichloroximidoimidiazolium hydrochloride was cultured.The SHELXTL program was used to analyze the X-ray data of single crystal to get the structure parameters of crystal.Thermal decomposition property of 1Himidazolium-4,5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride was studied by DSC.The results show that 4,5-dichloroximidoimidiazolium hydrochloride belongs to orthorhombic crystal system,the space group is Pna2(1),and molecular weight is 259.47 with density of 1.699g/cm3.The exothermic reaction of 1H-imidazolium-4,5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride starts from 140.23℃ with two exothermic peaks at 162.73℃and 177.73℃,and the exothermic reaction is ended at 208.48℃,showing that the structure of 1H-imidazolium-4,5-dinitrile dioxides hydrochloride is stable.

关 键 词：4 5-二氰基咪唑 4 5-二氧代氰基咪唑盐酸盐 氧化氰基化合物 热分解 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] O62[理学—有机化学]