利用藻类荧光检测雾霾的生物毒性研究  

Detection of biological toxicity of haze with algae fluorescence

作　　者：崔建升[1,2] 赵德华[1,2] 段莉丽[1,2] 王立新[1,2] 武彤[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]河北科技大学环境科学与工程学院,河北石家庄050018 [2]河北省污染防治生物技术实验室,河北石家庄050018

出　　处：《河北科技大学学报》2017年第3期305-312,共8页Journal of Hebei University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家863计划项目(2007AA092201)

摘　　要：雾霾中污染物成分复杂,单一评价某类污染物无法评估其综合毒性。为了快速、准确和全面地评价雾霾的综合毒性,选用微藻叶绿素荧光法进行生物毒性评价。以蛋白核小球藻和铜绿微囊藻为实验藻,以供暖期的雾霾为研究对象,分别使用溶液吸收法和滤膜称重法采集雾霾吸收液和总悬浮颗粒物(TSP)。利用水样荧光检测仪检测微藻在受到雾霾吸收液和总悬浮颗粒物浸出液胁迫时的各荧光参数(Y(Ⅱ),NPQ,qP,ETR,F_v/F_m)的变化情况,并进行对比分析。结果表明,蛋白核小球藻在受到外源性雾霾暴露时表现较敏感,荧光参数下降明显,尤其是参数NPQ在重度污染两天的雾霾吸收液的影响下分别下降46.3%和40.2%,而铜绿微囊藻只有在总悬浮颗粒物浸出液干扰下才有明显的表征。因此,选择蛋白核小球藻的NPQ参数作为雾霾生物毒性的指标是可行的。The comprehensive toxicity of haze cannot be evaluated by evaluating each pollutant separately because haze contains complex components.In order to quickly, accurately and comprehensively evaluate the comprehensive toxicity of haze, Algae chlorophyll fluorescence method is used to assess the biological toxicity.With Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Microcystis aeruginosa used as experiment algae, and the haze in the heating period as the research object, the solution absorption method and membrane weighing method are used to collect the liquid absorption haze and total suspended particles haze （TSP）, respectively.The change of fluorescence parameters （Y（Ⅱ）, NPQ, qP, ETR, Fv/Fm） of single algae under the stress of the haze absorption liquid and the total suspended particulate matter are detected by water fluorescence detector.The results show that Chlorella pyrenoidosa is more sensitive to exogenous haze exposure, and the fluorescence parameters decreases significantly, especially that the concentration of NPQ decreases by 46.3% and 40.2% under the influence of haze absorption in the two days of heavy pollution, while Microcystis aeruginosa displays obvious characterization only in the interference of total suspended particulate matter leaching solution.Therefore, it is possible that the NPQ parameter of Chlorella pyrenoidosa is selected as an indicator for haze biological toxicity.

关 键 词：环境毒理学 生物毒性 藻类荧光 雾霾 蛋白核小球藻 铜绿微囊藻 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]