黑白仰鼻猴对植物群落结构影响的初步研究  

Impact of Black-and-White Snub-nosed Monkey on Plant Community Structure: A Preliminary Result

作　　者：代陆娇 李延鹏 费汉榄 李继红 黄志旁 肖文 

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学林学院,昆明650224 [2]大理大学东喜玛拉雅研究院,云南大理671003

出　　处：《大理大学学报》2017年第6期68-72,共5页Journal of Dali University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(31560118;31260149;1160422)

摘　　要：为了解珍稀濒危灵长类对植物群落结构的影响,对黑白仰鼻猴现存分布区(龙马山)和灭绝分布区(天子山)的植物群落结构进行比较分析。于2014年1月1日至15日在龙马山和天子山黑白仰鼻猴生境内采用样方法收集植被数据。结果显示:(1)龙马山铁杉树高小于天子山的(t=2.60,df=236,P=0.01),而冠幅却大于天子山的(t=10.49,df=236,P<0.001);龙马山华山松冠幅大于天子山的(t=7.46,df=190,P<0.001);龙马山其他乔木树高和胸径都小于天子山的(t=7.19,df=527,P<0.001;t=4.11,df=527,P<0.001);(2)龙马山的灌木高度、盖度以及草本层高度低于天子山的(Z=4.78,P<0.001;Z=6.24,P<0.001;Z=3.71,P<0.001);(3)植物多样性指数、均匀度指数和优势种重要值差异均无统计学意义。结果表明黑白仰鼻猴的存在对森林结构中的乔木、灌木及草本都有一定的影响,而对植物多样性作用不明显,改变森林生态系统演替的进程。To explain effects of rare and endangered primates on plant community structure, we analyzed the impact of the blackand-white snub-nosed monkey(Rhinopithecus bieti)on forest structure by comparing plant communities in an existing Rhinopithecus bieti habitat in Longma Mountain(Mt. Yongma)and an historical suitable habitat in Tianzi Mountain(Mt. Tianzi). We collected plant community data in both sites using sampling methods from January 1thto 15 thin 2014. Results showed that in the existing habitat of Mt.Yongma, hemlock trees had lower heights and larger crowns(t = 2.60, df = 236, P = 0.01; t = 10.49, df = 236, P < 0.001), Pinus armandi had larger crown(t = 7.46, df = 190, P < 0.001), and other tree species had lower heights and smaller diameter at breast height(t = 7.19, df = 527, P < 0.001; t = 4.11, df = 527, P < 0.001). Shrubs showed lower height and smaller coverage, while herbs also had lower height in the existing habitat than in the historical suitable habitat(Z = 4.78, P < 0.001; Z = 6.24, P < 0.001; Z = 3.71,P < 0.001). No significant differences were found in the diversity index, the Pielou index and the value of importance of plants. These findings confirmed the impact of black-and-white snub-nosed monkeys on vegetation structure and its role in the process of ecology succession. However, Rhinophitecus bieti's impact on plant diversity was not obvious.

关 键 词：黑白仰鼻猴 植物群落结构 优势种 植物多样性 功能生态学 

分 类 号：Q959.848[生物学—动物学]