安徽省2015-2016年麻疹发病影响因素病例对照研究  

Influencing factors for measles infection in Anhui Province： A case-control study, 2015 -2016

作　　者：孟凡亚[1,2,3] 陆志坚[1] 沈永刚[1] 唐继海[1] 王建军[1,2] 刘志荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽省疾病预防控制中心免疫预防科,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽医科大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,安徽合肥230032 [3]重大自身免疫性疾病安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230032

出　　处：《中华疾病控制杂志》2017年第6期581-585,共5页Chinese Journal of Disease Control & Prevention

摘　　要：目的探讨安徽省≤7月龄婴儿、8月龄~14岁儿童、≥15岁成人麻疹发病影响因素,为制定麻疹干预策略提供科学依据。方法选择中国疾病预防控制信息系统中实验室确诊的麻疹病例,采用成组对照的方法进行调查。结果三个年龄组各232名病例和对照纳入研究,多因素分析结果显示,≤7月龄婴儿组危险因素为6~7月龄（OR=5.255,95%CI：3.092~8.931）、住在城乡结合部（OR=3.035,95%CI：1.236~7.454）、早产（OR=14.896,95%CI：3.756~59.074）,保护因素为母乳喂养（OR=0.297,95%CI：0.153~0.574）和有兄弟姐妹（OR=0.464,95%CI：0.276~0.781）。8月龄~14岁儿童组危险因素为住在城乡结合部（OR=3.347,95%CI：1.365~8.204）、早产（OR=3.171,95%CI：1.185~8.487）,保护因素为母乳喂养（OR=0.313,95%CI：0.175~0.558）。≥15岁成人组危险因素为流动人口（OR=3.900,95%CI：1.633~9.311）、居住城乡结合部（OR=5.564,95%CI：2.485~12.459）,保护因素为与〈15岁儿童同住（OR=0.383,95%CI：0.216~0.682）。其他如男性、祖父母看护、外出史和医院暴露史等均是危险因素（均有P〈0.05）,有接种证、含麻疹成分疫苗免疫史等均是保护因素。结论根据本研究结果提议应确保MCV两剂次95%接种率和首剂次及时接种,控制院内感染的发生,提倡优生优育、母乳喂养,在麻疹高发季节尽量避免去人多拥挤的地方。Objective To investigate influencing factors for measles infection in persons aged ≤7 month,8 month- 14 year and ≥15 year, so as to provide a scientific basis for measles intervention strategies. Methods Laboratory confirmed measles cases from China information system of disease prevention were selected, the study was conducted using the method of group comparison investigation. Results 232 cases and controls were respectively recruited into the study in all three age groups. Multi-factor analysis showed that, risk factors for measles infection in infants aged ≥7 month were aged 6-7 month （ OR = 5. 255,95% CI：3. 092-8.931 ）, living in urban-rural fringe area （ OR = 3. 035,95% CI： 1. 236-7.454）, preterm birth （ OR = 14. 896,95% CI： 3. 756-59. 074 ）, protective factors were breast feeding （ OR = 0. 297,95% CI： 0. 153-0. 574） and have brothers and sisters （ OR =0. 464,95% CI：O. 276-0. 781 ）. Risk factors for measles infection in children aged 8 month - 14 years were living in urban-rural fringe area（ OR = 3. 347,95% CI： 1. 365-8. 204） , premature birth（ OR =3. 171,95% CI： 1. 185-8.487）, protective factors were breast-feeding （OR = 0. 313,95% CI：0. 175-0. 558 ）. Risk factors for measles infection in children aged ≥ 15 year were the floating population （OR = 3. 900,95% CI： 1. 633- 9. 311 ）, living in urban-rural fringe area （ OR = 5. 564,95 % CI：2. 485-12. 459 ）, protective factors was living with children aged 〈 15 years （OR = 0. 383,95% CI： 0. 216-0. 682）. We also found other factors,such as male, grandparents care, going out and hospital visits were risk factors, and having vaccination certificates, measles containing vaccine（MCV） immunization were protective factors. Conclusions According to the results of this study, we propose to ensure two doses of 95% vaccination rate of MCV and timely vaccination of the first dose, to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections, to advocate eugenics, breast feeding and try to avoid going to cro

关 键 词：麻疹 病例对照研究 疫苗 

分 类 号：R272.22[医药卫生—中医儿科学] R181[医药卫生—中医学]