原油管输过程憥单耗分析研究  

Analysis of Specific Exergy Consumption in Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation

作　　者：杨璐[1] 刘家鑫[1] 田景武[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北石油大学提高油气采收率教育部重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318

出　　处：《当代化工》2017年第5期925-928,共4页Contemporary Chemical Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(批准号:51534004);黑龙江省普通高校科技创新团队基金(2009td08)

摘　　要：根据热力学第二定律,将单耗分析理论应用于原油管道的输送过程,提出了原油管输过程的压憥单耗、热憥单耗以及附加单耗的值和费用的计算方法,并通过系统单因素敏感性分析方法,以大庆某油田管道为例,从温度、压力和输量3个方面分析原油管道单耗随不同影响因素的变化规律,进而确定原油管输过程最优的温度、压力和输量。研究结果表明:随着出站温度的增加,总憥单耗费用先减小后增大,在出站温度为339K时达到最优;随着出站压力的增加,压憥单耗费用逐渐增大,热憥单耗费用逐渐减小,总憥单耗费用逐渐增大,出站压力应取输送工艺要求下的最小值;随着输量的增加,总憥单耗费用先减小后增大,在输量为35 m3/h时达到最优。Based on the second law of thermodynamic, specific consumption analysis theory was applied in the crude oil pipeline transportation. A method to calculate the value and cost of pressure exergy specific consumption, heat exergy specific consumption and additional specific consumption was proposed. By using the method of single factor sensitivity analysis of system, taking a Daqing crude oil pipeline as an example, the variation of exergy consumption in crude oil pipeline transportation with different influential factors was analyzed from the aspects of temperature, pressure and throughput, and then the optimal temperature, the optimal pressure and the optimal throughput were determined. The analysis results indicate that： the cost of total exergy specific consumption decreases first and then increases with increasing of starting temperature, the optimal starting temperature is 339 K; with increasing of starting pressure, the cost of total exergy specific consumption and the pressure exergy specific consumption gradually increase while the heat exergy specific consumption decreases, and the starting pressure should be the minimum value under the requirement of crude oil pipeline; the cost of total exergy specific consumption decreases first and then increases with increasing of throughput, the best throughput is 35 m3/h.

关 键 词：单耗分析 原油管输 憥单耗 优化 

分 类 号：TE832[石油与天然气工程—油气储运工程]