传统新闻论证模式评析  

An Analysis of the Model of Traditional Argumentation in News

作　　者：余多星[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学马克思主义研究中心,安徽芜湖241000 [2]山东政法学院马克思主义学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《贵州工程应用技术学院学报》2017年第2期47-53,60,共8页Journal of Guizhou University Of Engineering Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目"应用逻辑与逻辑应用研究";项目编号:14ZDB014;国家社会科学基金项目"模糊偏好形成的主观发生机理研究";项目编号:11CZX028

摘　　要：在传统的新闻报道和评论中,主要采用演绎论证和归纳论证模式。演绎论证模式包含直言三段论论证模式、选言三段论论证模式和假言三段论论证模式。归纳论证模式包含类比论证模式、枚举论证模式、因果论证模式和统计论证模式。新闻演绎论证模式可借助有效性和可靠性进行评估,新闻归纳论证模式可通过新闻置信度进行评估。对新闻论证两种形式化模式的刻画,可以为新闻报道和评论建构论证形式模板。这有利于解决新时期新闻报道和评论中演绎论证无效、新闻可靠性弱以及新闻置信度低等问题,从而为我国新闻论证理论提供有益的理论范式。In traditional news reports and comments, the deductive and inductive reasoning are the key model of the news＇ argumentation. The deductive reasoning pattern includes a categorical syllogism reasoning model, a disjunctive syllogism reasoning and a hypothetical syllogism reasoning model. The inductive reason- ing schema contains an analogy reasoning model, an enumeration reasoning model, a causal reasoning model and a statistical reasoning model. The deductive reasoning pattern of news can be assessed by its validity and reliability. The inductive reasoning schema of news can be evaluated through news＇ confidence. Demonstrat- ing two formal models can construct a model for news reports and comments. This is good for solving the prob- lem of invalid and weak reliability in news deductive argumentation, the problem of low confidence in news in- ductive argumentation in news reports and comments in the new period. As a result that can provide some use- ful theoretical paradigm for news argumentation theory of our country.

关 键 词：演绎论证模式 归纳论证模式 有效性 新闻可靠性 新闻置信度 

分 类 号：B81[哲学宗教—逻辑学]