陕西省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖健康现状调查  

Survey on the Current Status of the Reproductive Health of Rural Married Women of Childbearing Age in Shaanxi Province

作　　者：祁颖 梅光安 李梅春 聂娜 

机构地区：[1]陕西省计划生育委员会技术指导所,西安710075

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》2017年第6期22-24,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：目的了解陕西省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖健康状况及其影响因素,为制定相关干预措施提供科学依据。方法通过整群分层抽样,对陕西省10个地市21个县共6 000名农村已婚育龄妇女进行妇科、乳腺、盆腔B超和实验室检查,并进行问卷调查。结果获有效问卷5 874份,问卷有效回收率为97.9%。生殖系统疾病患病率为69.3%(4 071/5 874),其中生殖道感染(RTI)患病率为41.0%(2 408/5 874);患1种生殖系统疾病者占37.7%,2种生殖系统疾病者占24.4%,合并3种或以上者占7.2%。生殖系统患病率从高到低依次为宫颈疾病(34.1%,2 003/1 194)、乳腺疾病(16.9%,993/5 874)、阴道疾病(10.2%,599/5874)、生殖器官肿瘤(8.6%,505/5 874)、盆腔炎性疾病(2.3%,135/5 874)和其他妇科疾病(0.6%,37/5 874)。多因素分析结果显示,年龄30~39岁、家庭年收入低、受教育程度低、生殖健康知识得分低、分娩和流产次数多及不定期妇科检查是RTI的独立高危因素。结论陕西省农村已婚育龄妇女生殖系统疾病患病率较高,且以RTI为主。陕西农村地区妇女生殖健康知识水平亟需提高,相关态度、行为亟需改善。OBJECTIVE To understand the reproductive health status of married childbearing women in Shaanxi rural areas,as well asthe influence factors,so as to provide a scientific basis for developing the related intervening measures. METHODS By employingstratified cluster sampling,performing the gynecological examination,the breast examination,the pelvic ultrasound examination,the laboratory test,as well as the questionnaire survey,for totally 6 000 rural married women from 10 cities and 21 counties ofShaanxi Province. RESULTS 5 874 effective questionnaires were received,and the valid return rate reached 97.9%. The prevalenceof the reproductive system was 69.3%（4 071/5 874）,41.0%（2 408/5 874） were reproductive tract infections（RTI）. 37.7% sufferedfrom one kind of reproductive system diseases,24.4% suffers from two kinds of reproductive system diseases,and the ones who suf-fered from more than two kinds of reproductive system diseases reached to 7.2%. The incidence of these diseases were known as cervi-cal disease（34.1%,2 003/1 194）,breast disease（16.9%,993/5 874）,vaginal diseases（10.2%,599/5 874）, genital tumors（8.6%,505/5 874）,pelvic inflammatory diseases（2.3%,135/5 874）,and other gynecological diseases（0.63%,37/5 874） from higher levelto lower level in order. The results of multi-factor analysis showed that the women aged from 30~39,with a low annual family in-come,low education level,low score of reproductive health knowledge,too many times of delivery and abortion, and no regulargynecological examination were the main reasons for a higher RTI. CONCLUSION The prevalence of the reproductive system diseaseof rural married women in Shaanxi Province was high. The majority were RTIs. The knowledges,attitudes and behaviors for reproduc-tive health of rural women needed to be improved urgently.

关 键 词：农村已婚育龄妇女 生殖健康 影响因素 知识、态度、行为 

分 类 号：R169.1[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]