基于CPTED理论的居住区犯罪质性案例研究  

Qualitative Case Study of Crime in Residential Area Based on CPTED Theory

作　　者：毛媛媛[1] 丁家骏 魏琦[3] 黄金福 曾敏玲[5] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学建筑学院 [2]上海同济城市规划设计研究院 [3]苏州市公安局科技信息化处 [4]苏州市吴中区长桥派出所 [5]北京师范大学珠海分校不动产学院

出　　处：《西部人居环境学刊》2017年第3期15-22,共8页Journal of Human Settlements in West China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(51208115);警用地理信息技术公安部重点实验室2016年度开放课题(2016LPGIT02)

摘　　要：本研究采用质性案例研究方法,选取苏南某特大城市城乡结合部某一典型小高层居住区开展研究。通过官方提供的违法犯罪数据分析表明,犯罪分布具有明显的空间集聚性。随后基于CPTED理论框架,梳理了案件高发地点的环境特征,结合对居民、管理者等主体的访谈,探索居住区盗窃犯罪影响因素。研究发现,犯罪高发区存在领域性缺失、监视不足、通道控制缺乏、环境维护不佳、目标加固不足、活动水平低等环境特征。环境设计环节对犯罪预防疏于考虑,以及环境维护和管理的缺失为犯罪行为提供了可能条件。居民对环境安全性认知与实际犯罪场所的错位,以及居住区中不同主体之间的利益博弈为环境改造预防犯罪造成了一定的难度。最后提出相应优化建议,并对其普适性进行讨论。Qualitative case study method is used to study a typical high-rise residential neighborhood between urban and rural area of a large city in the south of Jiangsu Province. The analysis of crime data provided by the government shows that the crime distribution has obvious spatial clusters. Then, based on the CPTED theory framework, the environmental characteristics of the crime hotspots are analyzed. Combining interviews with residents, managers and other subjects, factors affecting theft crime are explored. The findings show that the hotspots of crime are characterized by lack of territoriality, surveillance, access control, environmental maintenance, target hardening and low level of activity. Insufficient consideration of crime prevention during environmental design and lack of environmental protection and management provide the possible conditions for criminal behavior. The divergences between residents’ cognition of environmental safety and actual crime location, as well？as？the？game？of？interest？among？different？subjects？in？the？neighborhood,？make？it？diffcult？for？the environment reform to prevent crime. Finally, optimizing suggestions on crime prevention in neighborhoods are put forward, and its universal adaptability is discussed.

关 键 词：居住区 违法犯罪 空间 环境 案例研究 

分 类 号：TU984.12[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]