热敏式剪应力仪在波流动力研究中的应用  

Application of thermal shear stress gauge in study on wave-current dynamics

作　　者：徐华[1,2,3] 夏云峰[1,2,3] 蔡喆伟 郝思禹 张世钊[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]南京水利科学研究院,南京210029 [2]水文水资源与水利工程科学国家重点实验室,南京210098 [3]港口航道泥沙工程交通行业重点实验室,南京210024 [4]河海大学港口海岸与近海工程学院,南京210098

出　　处：《实验流体力学》2017年第3期78-81,93,共5页Journal of Experiments in Fluid Mechanics

基　　金：国家重大科学仪器设备开发专项项目(2013YQ040911);国家自然科学基金项目(51309158)

摘　　要：河口海岸泥沙运动直接受制于床面剪应力的大小,因此通过床面剪应力来研究泥沙运动基本问题是泥沙运动理论研究的重要途径,然而目前尚未有效形成波流复杂动力作用下床面剪应力的量测计算方法。本文利用基于微纳米技术的热敏式剪应力新型仪器,在波流长直水槽内开展了床面剪应力量测研究工作。研究表明,热敏剪应力仪响应频率高、稳定性好,量测成果较好地反映了波流作用下床面剪应力变化基本规律,热敏剪应力仪可用于波流等复杂动力作用下床面剪应力的量测。根据试验量测成果,提出了波流合成剪应力计算初步方法,可为复杂动力作用下泥沙运动基本理论问题的深入研究提供参考。The movement of sediment at estuary and coast is directly restricted by the bed shear stress. Therefore,the basic research on the influence of the bed shear stress on the sedi-ment movement is important. However,there is no available method for measuring and compu-ting the bed shear stress under a complicated dynamic condition like the wave current. This paper conducts the measurement and test research on the bed shear stress in a long launder of direct current by the new thermal shearometer based on micro-nanotechnology. As the research results show,the thermal shearometer has high response frequency and strong stability. The measuring resutt reflects the basic law of the bed shear stress with the wave and wave-current effect, and confirms that the method of measuring bed shear stress under wave-current condition with thethermal shearometer is feasible. Meanwhile, a preliminary method to compute the shear stress compounded by wave-current is put forward. It benefits further research on the basic theory of the sediment movement with complicated dynamic effects.

关 键 词：热敏 剪应力 波流动力 泥沙运动 

分 类 号：TV131[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]