自然通风排烟在长大道路隧道中的应用  

Application of Natural Ventilation & Smoke Exhausting in Long & Large Road Tunnel

作　　者：张银屏 

机构地区：[1]上海市城市建设设计研究总院(集团)有限公司,上海200125

出　　处：《中国市政工程》2017年第3期74-77,85,共5页China Municipal Engineering

基　　金：上海市科学技术委员会科研计划项目"城市长大隧道节能型通风排烟与安全疏散救援关键技术"(15DZ1203803)

摘　　要：以上海北翟路地道为背景,介绍顶部开孔型自然通风排烟在长大道路隧道中的应用。研究主要结论为:采用明挖工法的长大隧道,当地面规划较宽中央分隔带(一般5~8 m)时,建议采用顶部开孔型自然通风方式。自然通风开孔面积一般不小于封闭段顶板面积的5%,开孔间距一般为10~15 m。通过火灾仿真分析,当地道内外无风时,烟气很好控制在火源上下游的第2个通风口处。当环境中存在3 m/s的纵向风速时,风速可以有效抑制火源上游烟气的蔓延。当地道内部存在3 m/s的风速或内外部均存在3 m/s风速时,通风可以有效抑制烟气逆流,保证了火源上游良好的逃生疏散环境。Based on the background of Beidi Rd. tunnel in Shanghai, the application of the top opening type natural ventilation & smoke exhausting in the long & large road tunnel is introduced in this paper. The main conclusions are as follows: In the long & large tunnel with open excavation method, it is suggested that the top opening type natural ventilation method should be adopted when planning the ground wider central dividing strip(usually 5 ~ 8 m). Natural ventilation hole area is generally not less than 5% of the closed section roof area, the hole spacing is generally 10 ~ 15 m. Through the fire simulation analysis, when the tunnel inside and outside the windless, the flue gas is well controlled in the second vent of the fire source upstream and downstream. When the longitudinal wind speed of 3 m/s exists in the environment, the wind speed can effectively restrain the spread of flue gas upstream of the fire source. When there is a wind speed of 3 m/s or 3 m/s wind speed inside and outside the tunnel, ventilation can effectively suppress the upstream of the flue gas and ensure the escape environment of the fire upstream.

关 键 词：自然通风 自然排烟 长大隧道 顶部开孔 通风方案 

分 类 号：U453.5[建筑科学—桥梁与隧道工程]