施氮量对超级杂交稻粒叶比及产量的影响  

Effect of Nitrogen Application Rate on Grain-Leaf Ratio and Yield of Super Hybrid Rice

作　　者：曾贤恩 魏中伟[2] 马国辉[2] 

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学农学院,长沙410128 [2]湖南杂交水稻研究中心杂交水稻国家重点实验室,长沙410125

出　　处：《作物研究》2017年第4期377-383,共7页Crop Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31271659);国家科技支撑计划(2013BAD07B14;2012BAD04B10);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201303109;201203059);湖南省重大专项(2015NK1001);湖南农业科技创新项目(2016QN03)

摘　　要：在湖南桂东生态点,以五期超级杂交稻代表品种两优培九、Y两优1号、Y两优2号、Y两优900及超优1000为试验材料,研究了施氮量(210、300、390 kg/hm^2)对超级杂交稻粒叶比及产量的影响。结果表明,Y两优900的理论产量最高,超优1000的实际产量最高。Y两优2号在210 kg/hm^2施氮量下的最大叶面积指数显著低于300 kg/hm^2和390 kg/hm^2处理,其他品种在不同施氮量处理间无显著差异;各品种在同一施氮水平下最大叶面积指数无显著差异。各品种的粒叶比在210 kg/hm^2以上施氮量处理下无显著差异,以Y两优900和超优1000优势明显。五期超级杂交稻品种的有效穗数和结实率逐渐降低,但每穗粒数显著提高,且各品种在施氮量处理间的产量及产量结构无显著差异。超级杂交稻叶源、库容充足,提高结实率和灌浆充实度是其进一步实现产量潜力的重要途径。The super hybrid rice varieties Liangyou Peiju,Y Liangyou 1,Y Liangyou 2,Y Liangyou 900 and Chaoyou 1000 were used as materials to study the effects of the nitrogen application rate on the grain-leaf ratio and yield of super hybrid rice at the Guidong ecological area.The results showed that the Y Liangyou 900 had the highest theoretical yield,and the Chaoyou 1000 had the highest actual yield.The maximum leaf area index of Y Liangyou 2 at 210 kg/hm^2 nitrogen application rate was significantly lower than those of at 300 kg/hm^2 and 390 kg/hm^2,the other varieties showed no significant differences among different nitrogen treatments.The grain-leaf ratios of all the varieties showed no significant differences at nitrogen treatments more than 210 kg/hm^2.Y Liangyou 900 and Chaoyou 1000 were superior other varieties obviously.The effective panicle number and seed setting rate of the five super hybrid rice Varieties decreased gradually,but the grain number per panicle significantly increased,and there was no significant differences between the yield and yield structure at each nitrogen treatment.The super hybrid rice showed sufficient source and sink capacity,improving seed setting rate and1000-grain weight are important ways to further realize the yield potential.

关 键 词：超级杂交稻 栽培 施氮量 粒叶比 产量 

分 类 号：S511.062[农业科学—作物学]