^(60)Co-γ射线辐照对花椒的诱变效应  

Inducing Effects of ^(60)Co-γ Rays Irradiation on Pepper

作　　者：王冬梅[1] 孙燕[1] 李庆芝 

机构地区：[1]莱芜职业技术学院,山东莱芜271100 [2]莱芜市农业科学研究院,山东莱芜271100

出　　处：《北方园艺》2017年第12期6-10,共5页Northern Horticulture

摘　　要：以莱芜"大红袍"花椒为试材,利用不同剂量^(60)Co-γ射线(0、50、100、150、200、250、300Gy)辐照处理休眠态和萌芽态花椒种子,测定出苗率、初生苗高度、节间长度、节间数、叶型及株型等生理指标。结果表明:^(60)Co-γ射线辐照剂量与休眠态和萌芽态种子的出苗率呈极显著负相关,与致死率呈极显著正相关,休眠态种子的最适辐照剂量为100Gy,萌芽态种子的最适辐照剂量为50Gy。萌芽态种子实生苗的株高和节间数随辐照剂量增加先降后升,休眠态种子随剂量增加而不断下降,其中50Gy辐照后的萌芽态种子的苗高和节间数与100Gy辐照后的休眠态种子的苗高和节间数基本相同。突变体主要为株型异形和叶型异形,休眠态种子实生苗的变异率受辐照剂量的影响显著,辐照剂量为150Gy时,其变异率接近100.0%。由此表明,休眠态种子对高剂量^(60)Co-γ射线辐照更敏感,萌芽态种子对辐照损伤的自我修复能力更强。研究结果将为花椒稳定突变体的获得和花椒新种质的获得奠定良好的基础。Laiwu ＇Dahongpao＇ pepper was used as test material, the dormancy seeds and the budding state seeds of pepper were irradiated by 60Co-γ rays at different doses （0 Gy, 50 Gy, 100 Gy, 150 Gy, 200 Gy, 250 Gy, 300 Gy） and emergence rate, seedling height,internode length, leaf type and plant type were investigated and analyzed. The results showed that the irradiation dose correlated significantly with seedling emergence rate and lethality rate. The most appropriate irradiation dose for dormant seed was 100 Gy and for germination seed was 50 Gy. Accompanying irradiation dose increase, the seedling height and node height increased first and decreased afterwards for budding state seed. But they decreased continuously for dormant seed. The seedling height and node height of budding state seeds irradiated by 50 Gy 60Co-γ rays were the same as those of dormant seed irradiated by 100 Gy. Phonotypic effects of irradiated seedling had two forms, plant-type mutant and leaf-type mutant. The lethality rate of dormancy seeds was nearly 100. 0% when the irradiation dose was 150 Gy. In conclusion, the dormancy seeds were more sensitive to high irradiation dose and the budding state seeds had stronger self-healing ability. All the results would lay a good foundation for the acquisition of pepper stable mutants and new germplasms.

关 键 词：花椒 辐照 诱变效应 

分 类 号：S573.9[农业科学—作物学]