桑树新生枝条和叶片中的养分分配格局研究  

An Investigation on Nutrient Distribution Pattern of Newly-sprouted Branches and Leaves of Mulberry

作　　者：王谢[1] 唐甜[1] 张建华[1] 田俊俊 庞良玉[1] 姚莉[1] Wang Xie Tang Tian Zhang Jianhua Tian Junjun Pang Liangyu Yao Li(Soil and Fertilizer Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China)

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都610011

出　　处：《蚕业科学》2017年第3期382-387,共6页ACTA SERICOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：四川省财政创新能力提升专项青年基金项目(No.2016QNJJ-015);现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(No.CARS-22)

摘　　要：养分的组成和含量是评价桑叶对蚕的营养价值的主要依据。采用雾化栽培技术开展试验,测定分析桑树新生枝条和叶片的干物质含量以及全氮、全磷、全钾、总钙和总镁含量的空间分配格局,探究养分分配与桑枝粗细的关系。桑枝粗细与叶片主要养分的含量呈显著相关,枝条越粗,桑叶中的全氮、全磷、总钙和总镁的含量也越高;从枝条的基部到顶部,桑叶中的干物质含量以及总钙、总镁含量表现出逐渐降低的趋势,全氮和全磷含量则表现出显著增加的趋势,而全钾的含量变化不显著。桑枝粗细与枝条中的干物质含量以及全钾和总镁含量呈显著相关,而与全氮、全磷和总钙的含量无显著相关性;枝条从基部到顶部,枝条中的干物质含量呈现逐渐降低的趋势,而全氮、全磷、全钾、总镁和总钙含量则表现出逐渐增加的趋势;随着桑枝的增粗,枝条中部的干物质含量减少的程度显著高于基部和顶部,枝条顶部的全钾和总镁含量减少的程度显著高于基部和中部。上述研究结果提示桑园施肥应注意钾肥和镁肥的合理搭配,桑叶采摘后应注意追施氮肥、磷肥和钙肥。Nutrient composition and content are the primary basis for evaluating nutritional value of mulberry leaves to silkworm.Based on cultivation technique of aeroponics,we determined and analyzed the spatial distribution pattern of dry matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,total calcium and total magnesium contents in newly-sprouted mulberry branches and leaves,and explored the relationship between these indicators and sizes of mulberry branches.Mulberry branch size had significant correlation with the contents of major nutrients in leaves.The thicker the branch,the higher the total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total calcium and total magnesium contents in mulberry leaf.From the base to the top of branch,contents of dry matter,total calcium and total magnesium in mulberry leaf were gradually decreased,those of total nitrogen and total phosphorus was significantly increased,and that of total potassium was not significantly changed.Mulberry branch size had significant correlation with the contents of dry matter,total potassium and total magnesium in the branch,but had no significant correlation with the contents of total nitrogen,total phosphorus and total calcium in mulberry branch.From the base to the top of branch,contents of dry matter in branch showed a tendency of gradual decrease,whereas those of total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,total magnesium and total calcium showed a tendency of gradual increase.With the increase of branch size,the content of dry matter in the middle of branch was significantly higher than that in the base and the top,and those of total potassium and total magnesium in the top were significantly lower than those in the basal and middle parts.These results suggested that we should pay attention to combined use of potassium and magnesium fertilizers in mulberry field,and nitrogen,phosphate and calcium fertilizer should be applied after picking mulberry leaves.

关 键 词：桑树 枝条 叶片 养分分布 雾化栽培 

分 类 号：S888.2[农业科学—特种经济动物饲养]