华校情结、代际区隔与国族意识——对新加坡华人国族意识建构历史的文学考察(1965-2015)  

Chinese School Complex,Intergenerational Division and National Consciousness:A Study on the History of the Construction of Singaporean Chinese National Consciousness(1965-2015)

作　　者：金进[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学人文学院

出　　处：《外国文学研究》2017年第3期165-175,共11页Foreign Literature Studies

摘　　要：新加坡自1965年建国以来,逐步确立了双语教育政策,这一政策的实质就是确立英语的优势地位,对华人教育和华人语言进行压缩和控制,政策上的强势和不合理的政府行为所造成的族群伤痕是巨大的,成为新加坡华人心中永远的痛。盛极一时的南洋大学于1980年被迫关闭,华文两大报《星洲日报》《南洋商报》于1983年强制合并,历史悠久的华校于1987年停办转型,凡此种种都展示着新加坡政府的实用主义执政理念。近六十多年来,新华文学中的华校题材作品一直没有停止创作过,方方面面展示着新华作家的华校情结。从早期的南来师资的文化活动,到七十、八十年代前后的华校断根之痛,再到断根之后新加坡华人的现实处境与困惑,都有重要作家的作品与这些话题相对照。本文选择英培安、陈瑞献、郭宝崑、张曦娜、希尼尔、谢裕民、柯思仁、殷宋玮、陈志锐和黄浩威等重要的新华作家的华校题材作品为分析对象,同时在新加坡建国以来的文学发展史的大背景中,力图从官方历史和民间历史的缝隙中寻找新加坡华人国族意识的建构过程,从而重审当代新加坡华人文化的历史构成和特点。Since 1965, Singapore has gradually established a policy of bilingual education, the purpose of which is to establish the dominant position of English in Singapore＇s education system. The Singaporean government has controlled the development of Chinese language education （Hua Wen） and caused a great trauma and permanent pain in the hearts of Singaporean Chinese. Nanyang University in 1980 was forced to close, the two big Chinese newspapers ＂Sin Chew Daily＂ and ＂Nanyang Siang Pau＂ were forced to merge in 1983, and Chinese schools were closed in 1987. All changes bespeak the Singapore government＇s governing philosophy of pragmatism. In the past 60 years, various established writers have focused on an array of common themes related to the cultural activities organized by nanlai （coming from China） teachers, the trauma caused by the abrupt closure of Chinese schools in the 1970s and 1980s, and the ensuing predicaments confronting the Singaporean Chinese. In this paper, I focus on selected works of established Singaporean Chinese writers, such as Yeng Pway Ngon, Tan Swie Hian, Kuo Pao Kun, Teoh Hee La, Chia Hwee Pheng （Xi Ni Er）, Chia Joo Ming, Quan Sy Ren, Tan Chee Lay and Ng How Wee as case studies. Situated in the background of Singaporean-Malaysian literary historiography, this paper seeks to reveal the construction of Singaporean Chinese national consciousness embedded in both official and folk historical narratives. Moreover, I intend to recalibrate our understanding of the historical formation and characteristics of contemporary Singaporean Chinese culture.

关 键 词：新华文学 国族意识 华校 李光耀 新加坡 新加坡人 

分 类 号：D634.3[政治法律—政治学]