改性聚丙烯腈纤维与金属离子的配位反应及其应用进展  

Recent progress in coordination of modified polyacrylonitrile fiber with metal ions and applications

作　　者：李甫[1] 董永春[1,2] 程博闻[1,2] 康卫民[1,2] LI Fu DONG Yongchun CHENG Bowen KANG Weimin(School of Textiles, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China State Key Laboratory of Separation Membranes and Membrane Processes, Tianfin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300387, China)

机构地区：[1]天津工业大学纺织学院,天津300387 [2]天津工业大学省部共建分离膜与膜过程国家重点实验室,天津300387

出　　处：《纺织学报》2017年第6期143-150,共8页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：国家重点技术支持项目(2015BAE01B03);江苏省双创人才项目(2015-26);天津市科技计划资助项目(14TXGCCX00014)

摘　　要：为解决聚丙烯腈(PAN)纤维在产业用纺织品应用中存在的问题,介绍了腈基通过多种化学反应在PAN纤维表面引入偕胺肟基、胺基、羧基以及其他配位基团的改性方法,比较了不同改性PAN纤维与过渡金属离子或稀土金属离子的配位反应模式及其所生成配合物的分子结构和特性,评述了多种改性PAN纤维在重金属离子去除、微量金属离子检测、稀有金属和贵金属离子浓缩富集以及绿色催化剂制备等领域中的应用进展,最后指出引入新型配位基团、纤维材料重复利用性的提高和纳米纤维膜的应用是目前促进PAN纤维在产业用纺织品中发展的主要方向。To solve the problem of inadequate application of polyacrylonitrile（PAN） fibrous materials in the production of industrial textiles, several modification processes of the nitrile groups to coordinating groups including amidoxime, amido, carboxyl and other groups on PAN fiber were firstly introduced in this present work. The reaction models of different modified PAN fiber with transition metal ions or rare earth metal ions and properties of the resulting complexes were then compared. Moreover, the applications of modified PAN fibers in fields of heavy metal ions removal, trace metal ions detections, concentration of rare metal ions and novel metal ions, as well as green catalyst preparation were also reviewed. Finally, the introduction of new coordinating groups, recycle ability and usage of nano-fibrous membranes were regarded as the important developments for promoting the application of PAN fibrous materials in the production of industrial textiles in the future.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈纤维 表面改性 金属离子 配位反应 

分 类 号：TQ342.3[化学工程—化纤工业]