合肥市无偿献血人群HIV筛查和确证结果及人口特征分析  

Analysis on the results of screening and confirmation for anti-HIV-1/2 or HIV nucleic acid test and population characteristics in Hefei

作　　者：高德玉[1,2] 周学勇[2] 程卫芳[2] 张云[2] 蒋菲菲[2] 李玲[3] 管世鹤[1] GAO Deyu ZHOU Xueyong CHENG Weifang ZHANG Yun JIANG Feifei LI Ling GUAN Shitw~(Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhul Medical University, Hefei 230601, China Anhui Blood Center Institute of Blood Transfusion, Chincse Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College.)

机构地区：[1]安徽医科大学第二附属医院检验科,安徽合肥230601 [2]安徽省血液中心 [3]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院输血研究所

出　　处：《中国输血杂志》2017年第5期523-525,共3页Chinese Journal of Blood Transfusion

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81171662)

摘　　要：目的了解合肥市无偿献血者中人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)流行情况和HIV感染者的人口特征,指导招募低危献血者,进而指导制定合适的血液筛查策略,降低经血传播HIV的风险。方法安徽省血液中心检验科采用1种国产三代酶联免疫试验(ELISA)试剂和1种进口四代ELISA试剂,以及核酸检测(NAT)试剂进行HIV筛查,筛查反应性标本送确证实验室进行确证。统计安徽省血液中心2014年1月-2015年12月HIV筛查呈反应性的献血者确证结果进行回顾性分析。结果 2年时间内ELISA试剂筛查了215 015份标本,筛查呈反应性并送确证实验室标本554份,经确证阳性41份(均为ELISA双试剂反应性),确证阳性率为7.4%:其中男性38例,女性3例;小于30岁的有24例,占58.5%;首次献血有32位,占78%。2年时间内,NAT筛查了203 999例标本,ELISA-/NAT+9例,经鉴定均为阴性。结论近年来合肥市无偿献血者中HIV感染者较高,主要集中在30岁以下的首次男性献血者,应做好这部分献血者的咨询工作,降低输血传播HIV的风险。Objective To study epidemiological characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus （HIV） in donors and demographic characteristics of anti-HIV-1/2 reactive individuals, in order to recruit low risk blood donors, to establish a suitable blood screening strategy, and to reduce the risk of transmission of HIV through blood. Methods In Anhui blood cen- ter, all samples were tested by the third generation ELISA reagent and the fourth generation ELISA reagent between January 2014 and December 2015. If two ELISA test were both non-reactive, the samples were tested by NAT. The samples of one ELISA test was reactive or both ELISA reactive, the samples were tested afterward by WB. Results There were 215 015 samples tested by ELISA, and 554 samples were ELISA reactive. Of these, 554 donors could be classified successfully by WB： 41 true positives, 493 false positives and 20 indeterminate. Confirmation positive rate was 7.4%. Of these 41 positive donors, 38 donors were males, 3 were females; 24 donors were younger than 30 years old （58.5） ; 32 donors were first time donors （78%）. During two years, 203 999 samples were tested by NAT, 9 samples were NAT reactive, these samples were identified negative. Conclusion According to the experimental results, the HIV positive rate of donors was higher. They were younger than 30 years old and first time male donors. To reduce the risk of HIV transmission through blood transfusion, consulting to this specific demographic is very important.

关 键 词：合肥市 献血者 HIV抗体 确证 

分 类 号：R457.1[医药卫生—治疗学] R446[医药卫生—临床医学]